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Charges, which is based on ICAO principles, the Czech Republic prepares a transposition of this document to the rule
of law of the Czech Republic.
The economic oversight is carried out by the Civil Aviation Authority in the area of handling services.”
Air navigation services
“Pursuant to relevant ICAO documents and directives, the level of air navigation services charges is subject to
discussion and consultations among operators and users. Ministry of Transport controls whether the operators comply
with provisions of directives and international agreements related to air navigation services charges and cost recovery
policy. However, the level of charges is not subject to approval by the Ministry of Transport. Charges for en route
navigation services, i.e. overflight charges, follow the procedures of EUROCONTROL Route Charges System. After
submitting all the applicable charges for issuing in the AIP of Czech Republic their publication is duly noted.
The Czech Republic, as a member state of the European Union, follows the Commission Regulation (EC) No.
1794/2006 that is consistent with EUROCONTROL principles. The EUROCONTROL “Principles” are based on those
described in the ICAO’s Policies on Charges for Airports and Air Navigation Services (Doc 9082) and in the Manual
on Air Navigation Services Economics (Doc 9161).
Basic economic oversight function for air navigation services is carried out by the Supervisory Board of Air
Navigation Services of the Czech Republic, State enterprise. Supervisory Board is elected by the Ministry of Transport,
the establisher of the said state enterprise.”
DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA
SOURCE DATED: 15 MARCH 1990.
“The landing charges shall be periodically revised and adjusted in accordance with the cost of operating the various
facilities.”
DENMARK
SOURCE DATED: 19 JUNE 2001.
Airports
“Concerning airport regulation, in October 1990, the newly formed company Copenhagen Airports A/S (CPH) took
over the ownership and operation of the two Copenhagen area airports, at Kastrup and Roskilde. Until then, the airports
have been owned by the Danish Government and operated by the Copenhagen Airports Authority, a public corporation
under the Danish Ministry of Transport.
The new public limited company was wholly owned by the Danish Government , but in 1994, the government sold
25% of the shares to private investors. In 1996 and 2000, the Danish Government sold a further 24% and 17%,
respectively, of its shares in the company. Today, the Danish Government holds a 33.8% stake in the company. The
Danish Ministry of Transport will continue to do economic regulation on and thereby make sure that the cost bases for
the airport charges are made in line with the principles outlined by ICAO.
SUPPLEMENT TO DOC 9082 29
The running of the rest of airports in Denmark are delegated to the local authority but the economic regulation is made
and secured to be in accordance with the ICAO principles by the CAA of Denmark.
There are two exceptions from this rule because Bornholms Airport and Vagar Airport (on the Faroe Islands) are still
owned, run and regulated by the CAA of Denmark.”
Air navigation services
“Concerning air navigation services regulation, from the date of 1 January 2001 the CAA of Denmark has been divided
into two entities; an economic and safety regulator (CAA of Denmark) and a service provider (ANS Denmark). Both
organizations are still government owned.
The implementation of the new organizations is an ongoing process but the economic regulation in accordance with the
ICAO policy will be ensured by an annual approval of the (licensed) ANS providers cost base for both the en-route,
approach and aerodrome phases of the aircraft operation. The approval is made by both the Economic Regulator (the
CAA of Denmark) and within the EUROCONTROL framework.
General Remark:
It is anticipated that a new regulatory regime will provide a closer examination of the cost bases of both airports and
ANS provider and to fulfill this ambition the ICAO policies will play a very important role.”
SOURCE: ICAO COUNCIL, 170TH SESSION, 7TH MEETING, 17 NOVEMBER 2003.
All civil aircraft crossing the North Atlantic north of 45° N will be charged per crossing for the use of facilities
provided under the 1956 Agreement on the Joint Financing of Certain Air Navigation Services in Greenland as
Amended by the Montreal Protocol of 1982 (Doc 9585).
Two-thirds of the charge will be levied on flights between Greenland and Europe, Iceland and Canada, and Iceland and
the United States. One-third of the charge will be levied on flights between Greenland and Canada, Greenland and the
United States, Greenland and Iceland, and Iceland and Europe. One-third of the charge will also be levied on a crossing
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