CAP 737 Crew Resource Management (CRM) Training 机组资源管理培训(20)

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changing  changing 
type  operator 
(a)  (b)  (c)  (d)  (e)  (f) 
Human error and reliability, error chain, error prevention and detection  In depth  In depth  Overview  Overview  Overview 
Company safety culture, SOPs, organisational factors  Not required  In depth  In depth 
Stress, stress management, fatigue and vigilance  Not required 
Information acquisition and processing, situation awareness workload management  Overview 
Decision making 
Communication and co-ordination inside and outside the cockpit  Overview 
Leadership and team behaviour synergy 
Automation, philosophy of the use of automation (if relevant to the type)  As required  In depth  In depth  As required  As required 
Specific type- related differences  Not required 
Case based studies  In depth  In depth  In depth  In depth  As appropriate 

NOTE: Where possible, the training should be combined with cabin staff CRM training.

CRM Training Methods
To maintain the integrity of the training process, training methods should be focused on objectives; rather than be activity driven, which tends to encourage a 'tick in the box' mentality. The objectives would be to ensure that participants develop the right knowledge, skills and attitudes. Whereas hitherto in the airline and other industries, training programmes have been constructed and assessed largely on the basis of their content, the more recent tendency is to assess programmes on the basis of the trainee outcomes they purport to achieve and the procedures they have in place to assess these outcomes.
This trend focuses the effort and investment in training on objectives which are defined in terms of measurable outcomes. It does not by any means render content obsolete, but recognises that content is only the means, not the end in itself, of training and education.
In behavioural training, where behavioural skills development and attitude changes are being encouraged, the interactive process of the actual training is what is of paramount importance. The following model in the field of training emphasises the relationship in which knowledge, skills and attitudes stand to each other in the learning and development process. The essence of the model is that knowledge, ability and motivation are all necessary to effect enduring changes in behaviour.
I DO  Competence 

I WILL  Motivation 

I CAN  Ability 

I KNOW  Knowledge 

CRM training is a long term development process that encompasses a varied barrage of training resources and media, which run from the traditional and passive to the highly interactive and experiential such as: self study; classroom awareness training; modelling, classroom skills training; continual skills practice both classroom and simulator; and practice or coaching during flying operations. A selection of programmes and methods that might be considered best practice is at Appendix 9.
　
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