CAP 737 Crew Resource Management (CRM) Training 机组资源管理培训(163)

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Problem definition and diagnosis is the ability to collect the information needed to define a problem and its causal factors.
Examples of poor practice:
Nature of the problem not stated or failure to diagnose
No discussion of probable causes

Examples of good practice:
Gathers information and identifies problem
Reviews causal factors with other crew members

Option generation
Option generation refers to the ability of a crew member to generate multiple responses to a problem.
Examples of poor practice:
Does not search for information
Does not ask crew for alternatives

Examples of good practice:
States alternative courses of action
Asks crew members for options

Risk assessment and option selection

Risk assessment and option selection refers to the ability of a crew member to
successfully assess risks and benefits of different responses to a problem, and to
select the best response. Both should be accomplished through discussion with
other crew members.

Examples of poor practice:
Inadequate discussion of limiting factors with crew
Failing to inform crew of decision path being taken

Examples of good practice:
Considers and shares risks of alternative courses of action
Talks about possible risks for course of action in terms of crew limitations
Confirms selected course of action

Outcome review

Outcome review refers to the crew member's need to check the outcome of a
solution against the predefined goal.

Examples of poor practice:
Fails to check selected outcome against goal

Examples of good practice:
Checks outcome against plan.

JARTEL
Joint Aviation Requirements -Translation and Elaboration of Legislation
The JAR-TEL project will be completed in 2001.
The introduction of NTS evaluation requirements (as a corollary to the existing Technical Skills evaluation system in the licensing process), combined with current pilot training, aims at reducing and then managing risks so that individual behaviour on the flight deck should not lead to an incident or an accident, the importance of NTS in overall flight crew performance being now largely confirmed. (NTS has been defined as referring to those flight crew attitudes and behaviours not directly related to aircraft control, system management and Standard Operating procedures (SOPs), which influence flight safety).
The JAR-TEL project was designed to assess the validity and the usability of NOTECHS, as a proposed method for the evaluation of flight crews' Non-Technical Skills (NTS) that was developed in the NOTECHS project funded by the JAA and the DG TREN (Avermaete, J.A.G van & Kruijsen, E.A.C. (Eds), 1998).
JAR-TEL will provide implementation guidelines in the form of an Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) or similar instrument for the operational use of the method in check and training situations (flight - simulator) as requested by the relevant JAR codes, especially under JAR OPS.
　
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