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The EA mission will require a highly autonomous system that can operate and handle aircraft-related and mission-related contingencies while unable to communicate with the mission control system (due to self-jamming and covert operations).
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Reaction time from detection to neutralization of the enemy defenses must be very short.
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Enemy defensive system operations must be detected and countered rapidly.
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When using EA to neutralize defenses in support of manned strike forces, it will be critical for the UA to be within sufficient range to be effective. A trade-off between EA effectiveness and survivability needs to fully explored.
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The EA mission implies the integration of manned and unmanned aircraft in a single strike event.
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Robust, anti-jam data links are required.
APPENDIX A – MISSIONS
Page A-7
. The amount of energy required for effective EA is large unless the delivery platform is in very close proximity. The ability to generate this large amount of power could drive up aircraft size and cost. In addition, an aircraft small enough to be unobserved in close proximity to the target may not have the mobility (speed and range) to close the target or to persist in the target area for a sufficient amount of time. These considerations argue for the use of expendable jammers from unmanned aircraft as one means of delivering low cost EA performance.
Electronic Attack summary. DoD is advancing the development of an EA UA capability. Initial study indicates that there are both significant potential unmanned system strengths and significant challenges to be overcome for this mission. New unmanned systems will add new options in the application of force, and promises to both reduce the cost of our armed forces and to decrease the risk of friendly losses. It should be noted, that unmanned EA systems are not a complete replacement for manned EA aircraft. An unmanned EA aircraft can bring enhancements to mission capability (e.g. risk-free close approach to heavily defended targets) but will not have the autonomy required to completely replace manned systems in the foreseeable future. Research in autonomy will remain an emphasis area.
Network Node/Communications Relay
It is anticipated that communication relays will need to exist in a multi-tiered structure. For example, to create a wide communications footprint, the UA platform must have a capability of extremely long endurance, high altitude, and generate adequate power. It would provide an airborne augmentation to current tactical and operational beyond line-of-sight and line-of-sight retransmission capability. A more focused footprint to support brigade and below combat elements will require tactical communication relays to address urban canyon and complex terrain environments. Support of the communications relay mission will require continuous coverage in a 24 hour period, and sufficient redundancy to meet “assured connectivity” requirements. Additionally, UA must be capable of relaying VHF-AM radio voice communications using an International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standard and recommended procedures (SARPs) compliant radio operating with 8.33 kHz channel spacing from the control station to airspace controller communication (threshold).
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