Transformational Communications Architecture
Recent experience in Afghanistan and Iraq, operating Predators and Global Hawks, underscored the critical role SATCOM plays in providing over the horizon UA command and control as well as sensor product dissemination. DoD owned SATCOM assets, however, could not support the high data rates required to move imagery products.
DoD leased SATCOM channels from commercial vendors to make up for the shortfall in DoD controlled SATCOM capacity, which exposed the UA operations to some elements of risk.
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DoD faces increasing competition for available SATCOM channels from the private sector
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SATCOM channels are not always available in the required location
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Private vendors have the option to refuse service to the U.S. The FY2002 DoD Transformational Communications Study identified the need to vastly improve military communication systems and reduce reliance on foreign commercial SATCOM vendors; as a next step in the improvement process, they developed the TCA. The defined architecture should support: protected tactical services as a follow-on to the MILSTAR and Advanced Extremely High Frequency EHF (AEHF) programs; wideband services as a replacement or follow-on for the Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS), GBS, and Wideband Gapfiller System (WGS); protected strategic services as a follow-on to the MILSTAR, Interim-Polar and AEHF programs; data relay/retrieval and command forwarding
services support for satellites and high-altitude aircraft and UA; and narrowband services to support mobile and handheld services as a replacement or follow-on for the UHF Follow-On (UFO) mission area.
The TCA expresses a framework for seamless, IP based orbiting communications systems with an interface to the terrestrial component of the GIG, GIG-BE, through teleports. The TCA provides an orbiting network of optical and RF communications relays using Internet routers moving information between ground, air, and space nodes. Figure C-6 shows the TCA constellation of satellites, its
APPENDIX C - COMMUNICATIONS
Page C-11
connectivity to GIG-BE via teleports and direct connectivity to manned and unmanned airborne platforms.
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AEHF Adv Polar AWS/TSAT
WGS (5 GEO)
(1,2,3) (3 HIO) (5 GEO)
MUOS
(X, Ka)
(6 GEO)
RF
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JTRS / Wireless Connectivity GIG BE/Teleport Connectivity
. TCA will remove communications as a constraint to warfighter operations
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Vastly more capacity; voice, video, and data services
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Seamless connectivity between terrestrial, wireless, and SATCOMusers
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Exfiltration & relay of unprecedented amounts of tactical sensorinformation
. TCA uniquely enables transformationalwarfightingdoctrine/organizations
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