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The Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center (NSAWC) at NAS Fallon, NV, began supporting concept of operations development for integrating RQ-1 Predators into Fleet training exercises in 1998. To date, these efforts have focused on the time critical targeting and battlespace dominance missions. NSAWC participated in the naval utility evaluation of the RQ-4 Global Hawk during its ACTD by serving as a node to receive imagery during Global Hawk’s flight to Alaska in 1999. In 2001, NSAWC completed a naval tactics, techniques, and procedures document entitled “UAV Integration into Carrier Air Wing Operations” (NTTP 3-01.1-02) which can be accessed at www.nsawc.smil.mil.
The Naval Warfare Development Command’s Maritime Battle Center (MBC), established at Newport, RI, in 1996, conducts a fleet battle experiment (FBEs) each year to explore new technologies and operational concepts in both live and virtual scenarios. UAS have participated in FBE-Echo (Predator in 1999), FBE-Hotel (Aerolight, Pioneer, and Dakota II in 2000), FBE-India (Aerolight in 2001), and FBE-Juliet (Sentry and Pioneer in 2002).
5.2.3 Air Force
AFRL is actively pursuing UAS-applicable technologies for both specific UAS programs and for unmanned flight in general. Its Air Vehicles group is exploring autonomous see and avoid and flight control systems. Its Sensors Directorate is developing a more capable, smaller radar and electro-optical capabilities. AFRL has contracted a concept development study for the Sensorcraft concept, an UA optimized for the sensor suite it would carry. The Air Force relocated its UAV Battlelab to Indian Springs AFAF, NV, in 2004. Established in 1997 to
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explore and demonstrate the worth of innovative UAS operational concepts (as distinct from new systems or tactics) in key emerging areas, its goal is to create opportunities, with minimal investment, for the Air Force to impact current UAS organizations, doctrine, training, and future requirements and acquisitions. The Battlelab conducts four to six “experiments” annually, employing a variety of UA and UA surrogates. Notable firsts among its efforts have been applying the traffic collision/avoidance system (TCAS) to better integrate manned and unmanned flight operations; evaluating UA to supplement base security forces (in conjunction with the Air Force Force Protection Battlelab); using UA as the “eyes” for an E-8/joint surveillance, targeting, and attack radar system (JSTARS) in coordinated SCUD missile hunts; and proving the military utility of real time UA reconnaissance support to special tactics teams.
Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) at Hurlburt Field, FL acquired 15 Exdrones from NAWC/AD in 2000. Operated by the 720th Special Tactics Group, they are used to explore UAS concepts of operation and special payloads for special operations forces. AFSOC also sponsored, in conjunction with the UAV Battlelab, a demonstration of controlling an UA from an airborne MC-130 and is currently working the Sky Tote concept for resupplying Special Forces in the field.
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无人机系统路线图 Unmanned Aircraft Systems Roadmap(70)
