repudiation—proof of receipt), security labels, secure mailing lists, and signing certificates. For enhanced
security services, the following standard is mandated:
.
IETF RFC 2634, Enhanced Security Services for S/MIME, June 1999.
Cryptographic Security Services
To support interoperability using encrypted messages, products must share a common communications protocol. This protocol must include common cryptographic message syntax, common cryptographic algorithms, and common modes of operation (e.g., cipher-block chaining). The mechanisms to provide the required security services are as follows.
Encryption Algorithms
Encryption algorithms are a set of mathematical rules for rendering information unintelligible by affecting a series of transformations to the normal representation of the information through the use of variable elements controlled by a key.
The following standard is mandated when the security policy or the program security profile requires this level of protection, and Fortezza applications are in use:
.
SKIPJACK and KEA Algorithm Specification, Version 2.0, NIST, 29 May 1998. [SUNSET] This
standard will be deleted when AES becomes the mandated standard. For those systems required or desiring to use a cryptographic device to protect privacy-act information and other unclassified information not covered by the Warner Amendment to Public Law 100-235, the following standard is mandated:
.
FIPS PUB 46-3, Data Encryption Standard, 25 October 1999. [SUNSET] This standard will be deleted when AES becomes the mandated standard.
Signature Algorithms
A signature algorithm is an algorithm developed to assure message-source authenticity and integrity. The intent of the signature is to provide a measure of assurance that the person signing the message actually sent the message that is signed, and that the content of the message has not been changed. The following standard is mandated when the security policy or program-security profile requires this level of protection:
APPENDIX E – INTEROPERABILITY STANDARDS
Page E-13
. FIPS PUB 186-2, Digital Signature Standard (DSS) Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA), 27 January 2000.
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT)
Many standards applicable to UA SIGINT data are addressed in Section 4 of the Joint Airborne SIGINT Architecture (JASA) Version 2.0. Due to programmatic issues leading to cancellation of JSAF, the JASA is being reviewed for future applicability and necessary changes. However, NATO Air Group IV has initiated a study to examine the use of ELINT and ESM data within the community with an aim to standardize the data formats of both aspects of electromagnetic collection.
Human Computer Interface
The objective of system design is to ensure system reliability and effectiveness. To achieve this objective, the human must be able to effectively interact with the system. Operators, administrators, and maintainers interact with software-based information systems using the system’s HCI. The HCI includes the appearance and behavior of the interface, physical interaction devices, graphical interaction objects, and other human-computer interaction methods. A good HCI is both easy to use and appropriate to the operational environment. It exhibits a combination of user-oriented characteristics such as intuitive operation, ease and retention of learning, facilitation of user-task performance, and consistency with user expectations. The need to learn the appearance and behavior of different HCIs used by different applications and systems increases both the training burden and the probability of operator error. Interfaces that exhibit a consistent appearance and behavior both within and across applications and systems are required.
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