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Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) FOPEN. Also known as LADAR (Laser Detection and Ranging). Use of LIDAR is another method that offers the possibility of imaging through forest canopy. In current and projected tests, an imaging LIDAR sensor on an aircraft takes several fore-and-aft cuts at a given area of interest as the aircraft moves, allowing the sensor to “integrate” an image over time. Initial coverage rates are far less than typical SAR or EO capabilities, but planned systems at this point are for demonstration purposes only.
LIDAR imaging. LIDAR may be used to image through an obscuration as well. By using a precision short laser pulse and capturing only the first photons to return, a LIDAR image can be formed despite the presence of light-to-moderate cloud cover, dust, or haze. LIDAR can be used to simultaneously image through cloud and foliage. LIDAR also provides the capability of rapidly producing high resolution terrain elevation and mapping information as demonstrated by systems in the Urban Recon ACTD, with elevation accuracies measured in single digit centimeters for relative accuracy and tens of centimeters for absolute elevation accuracy. This type of information is particularly useful in urban operations.
LIDAR aerosol illumination. The task of detecting and identifying chemical or biological agents can be aided with active LIDAR illumination of the target area. Exciting a particulate or gas cloud with a laser simplifies the “fingerprinting” necessary to identify the specific substance. Used in conjunction with a hyperspectral imager, LIDAR can provide faster and more precise identification.
SIGINT way ahead. Although the Joint SIGINT Avionics Family program failed to produce a low band subsystem, the high band subsystem is producible and effective and will form the backbone of near term electronic intelligence systems. USAF’s Advanced Signals Intelligence Payload (ASIP) program extends the high band subsystem architecture into the low band target area of the RF spectrum. The target platforms are the U-2 and Global Hawk.
In the near term, federated systems, developed to add specific capabilities to manned aircraft, will be used to provide an initial SIGINT capability on UA such as Global Hawk. These “clip-in” systems, primarily developed by/for NSA, have been successfully employed on platforms such as the U-2 and RC-135 Rivet Joint. A loose federation of these “clip-ins” coupled with an ESM suite such as the LR-100, demonstrated on Global Hawk as part of the Australian TANDEM THRUST exercise, can provide the basis of an interim capability until a low band alternative is developed. A primary task for SIGINT on UA such as Global Hawk will be cross cueing the on-board imagery sensors.
The Army is presently developing the Tactical SIGINT Payload (TSP), as scalable SIGINT payload, for inclusion on the Unit of Action UA. The primary mission of TSP will be to rapidly map RF emitters on
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无人机系统路线图 Unmanned Aircraft Systems Roadmap(100)
