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Broad efforts to establish and expand interoperability and standardization will support overall unmanned systems interoperability. Global Information Grid initiatives will establish communications standards and provide infrastructure and components to support net-centric sharing of data among platforms. Joint Command and Control interfaces will provide standard message sets and procedures for exchange of situational awareness and taskings among unmanned systems platforms. ISR and other application specific data and product standards will further support the exchange of relevant information, with horizontal fusion initiatives in particular providing a major multiplier effect through a coordinated application of resources across diverse platforms. Unmanned systems developers must engage and build upon these broader efforts to provide the greatest level of interoperability, as required to support unified operations.
Several ongoing service and industry activities are specifically focused on unmanned systems interoperability. For example, the Joint Robotics Program (JRP) is focusing on the technology required to enable tightly coupled UA and UGV assets to deliver a significant portion of the warfighting capability envisioned for the Army’s FCS. The JRP has established a working group and produced a draft Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS). Initially developed to support ground systems, the JAUS architecture has been expanded to extend across the full spectrum of unmanned systems. Several DARPA ATDs are focusing on the integration of UGVs and UA. In general, efforts to integrate across the unmanned systems domain to date have been very limited.
The Department is taking a much broader view of the entire unmanned systems landscape and the opportunities that exist for military transformation. Clearly this is a technology realm that is difficult to predict. However, several overarching concepts seem to appear.
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Integration within unmanned systems (and with manned systems) will be high, necessitating a greater degree of interoperability from the outset, not added later as an afterthought.
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The trade space between capability and cost will become much greater, offering a wider range of options, but producing much more complex and integrated systems, challenging our current “platform” focus on weapons acquisition.
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Unmanned systems may be grouped more by technology, and less by traditional classifications; i.e. small UA may have more in common with UGVs than with larger UA
SECTION 6 - ROADMAP
Page 76
. Unmanned systems needs a Roadmap to focus development and employment and maintain critical interfaces with both manned and other unmanned systems.
It is the goal of the Department to develop a broad Unmanned Systems Roadmap that serves as an umbrella document covering all unmanned systems roadmaps, including this document, to assure appropriate interfaces are maintained. This will be a challenge. However, to do otherwise squanders a tremendous opportunity to transform the United States’ military capability to allow more precise, lethal, and rapid employment of force with reduced risk to humans at lower acquisition and sustainment costs.
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