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signal reception, causing position errors or possibly no position reading at all. GPS units typically
will not work indoors, underwater or underground.
Satellite geometry/shading This refers to the relative position of the satellites at any given time.
Ideal satellite geometry exists when the satellites are located at wide angles relative to each other.
Poor geometry results when the satellites are located in a line or in a tight grouping.
Intentional degradation of the satellite signal Selective Availability (SA) is an intentional
degradation of the signal once imposed by the U.S. Department of Defense. SA was intended to
prevent military adversaries from using the highly accurate GPS signals. The government turned off
SA in May 2000, which significantly improved the accuracy of civilian GPS receivers.
GPS beginners http://www.garmin.com/manuals/GPSGuideforBeginners_Manual.pdf
Using GPS with paper
http://www.garmin.com/manuals/UsingaGarminGPSwithPaperLandMaps_Manual.pdf
Health care see section Medical aid
or Emergencies
History
Kangerlussuaq (formerly known as Søndre Strømfjord , Sondrestrom Air Base and Bluie West 8 ) was
founded on October 7 1941, under the supervision of Colonel B. Balchen of the United States Air Force.
Danish Polar Center
IPY Service Manual for Kangerlussuaq 2008
version 1 June 2008
Compiled and written by Henning Thing (het@fi.dk)
Danish Polar Center Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation
page 26 of 60
Earlier that year, on April 9 1941, Greenland's security was entrusted to the USA by the Danish
Ambassador, Henrik Kauffmann, in Washington, as Denmark itself was unable to ensure Greenland's
security and supplies to the country under the German occupation of Denmark. The USA set up a number
of military bases and weather stations in Greenland during World War II, including the military base Bluie
West 8 in Kangerlussuaq. During the war, Bluie West 8 soon became one of the most important stop-over
sites for flying missions between the USA and its allies in Europe, owing to the fine flying conditions for
which Kangerlussuaq became known.
After the war, in 1950, Bluie West 8 was handed back to Denmark, and on April 27 1951 the base reverted
to the USA when Denmark and the USA signed a new defence agreement, whereby the Americans opened
Bluie West 8 up under the name of Sondrestrom Air Base.
In the period between November 15 1954 and October 1 1965, Scandinavian Airline System (SAS) began
making use of Søndre Strømfjord for stop-overs on the North Pole route between Copenhagen and Los
Angeles. The non-stop route linking Copenhagen and Søndre Strømfjord had thus been created and,
besides being an American military base, the airport became the gateway to Greenland. In 1960, the civil
aspect of the base was established with a transit hotel as annex.
During the post-war period, which saw the onset of the cold war between the two world powers, the USA
and the USSR, DEW (Distant Early Warning) radar stations were set up by the Americans from 1958 until
far into the 1970s: the DYE-2 and DYE-3 stations on Greenland s Ice Sheet, DYE-1 at Qaqqatoqqaq
mountain east of Sisimiut and DYE-4 near present Kulusuk airport on the east coast. Sondrestrom Air
Base's main mission since that time has been to supply the DEW stations.
When the disarmament between the USA and the USSR started in 1989, the Pentagon decided to close
down the DEW stations for the period 1990-91, soon followed by the decision to shut down the American
base. On September 30 1992, USAF left Søndre Strømfjord and on October 1 1992, the entire airport came
under Greenland Home Rule and was given its first Greenlandic name, Kangerlussuaq, as its official title.
Kangerlussuaq Airport is operated by the Airport Authority under Greenland's Home Rule (Mittarfeqarfiit,
acrnymed GLV for Grønlands Lufthavnsvæsen ).
Until WW II, the Kangerlussuaq area had been populated only in summers by Inuit hunters and their
families in summer hunting and fishing camps. Today, with a population of approx. 530, Kangerlussuaq
Airport is civil area under Sisimiut municipality.
See much more about the local history in Kangerlussuaq Museum.
Check Greenland s history 1910-1953: http://worldatwar.net/timeline/greenland/
Source: http://www.qsl.net/xp1ab/History.htm
Hunting
As a guest in Greenland you can go hunting only when you have bought a hunting trip from one of the
authorized trophy hunting companies in Greenland and are actually part of the organized hunting trip /
hunting camp.
If you are planning to harvest any birds or mammals in Greenland for purely scientific purposes you may
obtain a dispensation from the Greenland Government to do so, pending your submission of an explanatory
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