Developing Advanced Crew Resource Management (ACRM) Training: A Training Manual(62)

Developing CrewEffectiveness Modules

. Crew effectiveness is a core concept of any ACRM program.
Understanding the Role of ACRM in Developing CRM Skills
Crew effectiveness is a core concept of any ACRM program, and crew training should present its main characteristics. Crew effectiveness is based on a set of CRM skills that are reinforced by the new CRM procedures. The CRM procedures help individuals and crews integrate CRM with technical performance by improving overall crew coordination and communication. The purpose of these new CRM procedures is to improve overall crew effectiveness.
The relationship between the CRM procedures and CRM skills is complex, and many issues have yet to be resolved by the aviation research community. However, there are a number of guidelines related to the CRM skills and procedures that crews should understand. First, CRM skills should be trained in a task-specific context providing crews with practice and feedback. Because CRM procedures require crews to perform specific CRM actions under certain conditions, they lead to the development of particular CRM skills when those procedures are properly trained through practice and feedback. The basic form of a CRM procedure, such as a required statement of the pertinent takeoff conditions, can be fairly simple. The skill comes into play when a crew can perform the important parts of the briefing quickly and effectively under a variety of conditions and in a way that improves crew effectiveness.
The ACRM program provides crews with an operational environment in which they are encouraged to improve their CRM and technical performance. Further, ACRM, with its emphasis on continual development, allows the crews as well as the airline to further identify CRM procedures that can improve crew effectiveness. Thus, the new CRM procedures should improve crews’ CRM skills, and the ongoing development of these procedures will further support CRM skill development.

Integrating CRM with TechnicalPerformance
Crew effectiveness includes both the CRM and technical elements of performance, and the new CRM procedures are designed to support technical performance. The ACRM
. ACRM allows airlines to integrate CRM with the technical at the SOP level.
. The new CRM procedures have profound implications on the assessment of crew performance.
program provides a framework that allows airlines to integrate the CRM with the technical at the SOP level. ACRM crew training should emphasize this integration at the operational level as well as at the crew performance assessment level.
Crews should be informed that the CRM procedures were carefully developed to support the technical side of the operation. The content of these procedures should help crews to communicate about and coordinate the technical tasks, especially at points where crews are working on multiple tasks. If relevant, crews should be shown how the new procedures are placed at points of lower workload and precede points in time when crews will have to be aware of certain conditions or will require certain information. Therefore, the new CRM procedures help crews better perform their technical tasks, and those procedures should improve overall crew effectiveness.
　
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