Developing Advanced Crew Resource Management (ACRM) Training: A Training Manual(43)

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At some point in the module consider repeating the main features of the new CRM procedures. For example, in the case of new briefings one might itemize the following characteristics:
. The new briefings take place at lower workload times during the course of a flight.
. They are structured to contain relevant information specific to the relevant phase of flight.
. These briefing have become part of SOP by being included in the normal checklist.
. Each new CRM procedure has implications for CRM skill training.
. The new CRM procedures have profound implications on how crew performance is assessed.

Training Implications of CRM Procedures
Each of the new CRM procedures has implications for crew training because it places an emphasis on the crew’s development of specific CRM behaviors in the operational context. Because of this emphasis it is important for instructor/evaluators to have an understanding of the nature of skill performance and its implications for the training of these new CRM procedures.
CRM skill training can be a complex topic, and many of its issues have yet to be resolved by the aviation research community. Still, there are some basic guidelines for CRM procedures and skill training that should be imparted to instructor/evaluators:
. Skills should be trained in a task-specific context.
. Skills training requires some degree of practice that is followed by specific feedback.
. Skill training can positively affect both technical and CRM performance.
. CRM skill training and assessment should be emphasized throughout ACRM crew training

Assessment Implications of CRM Procedures
In addition to implications on training, the new CRM procedures have profound implications on the way that crew performance is assessed. To provide a complete picture of crew performance across an airline's operations, two different forms of crew assessment can be used.
First, a detailed simulator-based method of assessment can be developed to collect crew performance data both before and after the ACRM crew training has been implemented. This form of crew assessment, based on the LOE, allows for the collection of substantial crew performance data within a carefully designed and controlled environment. This comprehensive method of crew assessment should be augmented with a second type of assessment; the less structured Line Check. Line Checks are not as controlled as LOE sessions, but they provide an efficient method for collecting more general crew performance data.
New standards will have to be developed for the assessment, and instructor/evaluators should be told about their involvement in setting up this more systematic form of crew assessment. Instructor/evaluators should also be reminded of the shift from the stand-alone, individual check airmen to the team approach to evaluation. The instructors should work as a team to support each other in the development and maintenance of this more reliable form of assessment.
　
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