Developing Advanced Crew Resource Management (ACRM) Training: A Training Manual(49)

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A high level of reliability is required for airlines to be able to make sound decisions about the state of crew performance. AQP allows airlines to modify their training programs based on an accurate assessment of crew performance at specific points in time. If a particular form and cycle of training produces Above Standard results, it may be possible for that airline to extend the training cycle for that content. Conversely, if the crew performance data show specific deficits, the airline will be required to strengthen those training areas. In order to make such strategic decisions, the airlines and the FAA require highly accurate data.

Developing Standardization and Training Modules
Working with Videotapes of Real Crew Performance
A key to developing and maintaining standard assessment of crew performance is to train and evaluate assessors using videotaped crew performance. Videotapes allow a group of instructors to observe and rate the same crew performance, but require that the tapes be prepared using some specific guidelines.
. ACRM assessment training requires tapes of actual crews flying the actual LOFT/LOE.
Traditionally, crew performance videotapes have been developed with pilots acting a part rather than performing naturally. This results in tapes of a stereotypic good crew or bad crew, what some call, "The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly." What is required under ACRM is a substantial departure from that kind of tape. Standardization tapes should represent the types of behaviors evaluators will see during real simulator sessions. From experience, one of the best ways to prepare such videotapes is to work with real crews, flying the actual LOFT/LOE for that year in a representative simulator without the benefit of coaching or preparation (see Appendix E for videotaping considerations).
There are a number of reasons for these guidelines. First, consider working with real crews to capture actual crew performance, the type that instructor/evaluators are likely to observe in the simulator. This means avoiding working with other instructors because they are likely to model a training department form of behavior rather than realistic line behavior. Second, if scripted videotapes are used, instructors are likely to notice the acting and not pay attention to the actual crew performance. Third, by working with the upcoming LOFT/LOE, instructors learn about the new script as well as the specific standards that they will be using. Following these guidelines makes the training or standardization session substantially more relevant for the instructor/evaluators.
Finally, when using these tapes in the standardization process, the instructor/evaluators should be informed that the crew performances they will observe are real crew responses to the LOFT/LOE session, and that no coaching was provided to these crews to act either as superior crews or below standard crews. The crews were instructed to act as they would on the line. Further, it should be explained that the tapes were made this way to capture the types of behaviors that evaluators are most likely to see during actual LOE sessions.
　
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