曝光台 注意防骗
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A11.11 Exemptions/low altitude waivers
In most countries pipeline inspections occur below normal minimum operating altitudes, especially in the case of helicopters, and it will be necessary for the operator to obtain an exemption from the regulatory authority to conduct low-level operations. If exemptions are not in place then the client and operator may be subject to liability in the event of an accident or complaint regarding aircraft noise.
A11.12 Inadvertent entry into Instrument Meteorological Conditions
Pilots may have limited experience in flying under IFR. It is therefore recommended, where allowed by local authority, that procedures following inadvertent cloud entry should be included in the Operations Manual and practiced during pilots’ base checks.
A11.13 Flight following
It is likely that pipeline inspection aircraft will be below radio coverage for a significant propor-tion of the time. Special procedures should therefore be in place to ensure that position reporting is achieved. This may involve the use of HF to base, periodic climbs to a higher altitude to achieve VHF contact or the use of VHF FM or mobile phone to speak to pumping or service stations along the route or installation of automated satellite flight following systems. Emergency response pro-cedures should be tested periodically to ensure that flight following arrangements are effective in the event of an overdue radio call or missing aircraft. The use of advanced satellite flight following technology that would allow the tracking of flights at a base station is highly recommended.
In addition to the above comments it must be clear that the contracting OGP Member Company is responsible for flight following, and must either have the capability to perform this or have it as a contract requirement.
This section provides a guideline for a manual flight following system to augment a real-time satellite tracking system or to provide sufficient flight following capability in the event an operator does not utilize satellite tracking.
The purpose of a flight following system is to keep the operator aware of the position and status of each aircraft and its crew as well as to provide an overdue aircraft alert and trigger the Emergency Response Plan should an aircraft become overdue. In addition, last known position, fuel status, per-sons on-board and projected flight path information can be provided to search and rescue authori-ties should their services be required.
It is preferred that each patrol operator employ a monitored real-time satellite tracking system on each aircraft deployed for aerial patrol, however there maybe several reasons for utilizing this manual system such as when the satellite system being inoperative or removed for service. Operators who are on short-term contracts (less than 12 months) should utilize a positive flight following system, which would include a manual system to provide operational capability and a positive flight follow-ing system should be included in each operator’s operation manual. Each operator for each flight will determine the length of time between air-to-ground communications and the subsequent actions if an aircraft becomes overdue. It is recommended that this length of time be at a minimum of every 30 minutes for air to ground communication and if in contact with ATC, a positive position report is provided.
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飞机管理指导方针 Aircraft management guidelines(132)
