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a. VOR/VORTAC/TACAN airways or jet routes.
State the word “Victor” or the letter “J” followed by
the number of the airway or route in group form.
EXAMPLE-
“Victor Twelve.”
“J Five Thirty-Three.”
b. VOR/VORTAC/TACAN alternate airways.
State the word “Victor” followed by the number of the
airway in group form and the alternate direction.
EXAMPLE-
“Victor Twelve South.”
c. Colored/L/MF airways. State the color of the
airway followed by the number in group form.
EXAMPLE-
“Blue Eighty-One.”
d. Named Routes. State the words “North
American Route” or “Bahama Route” followed by
the number of the route in group form.
EXAMPLE-
“North American Route Sixty-Seven Bravo.”
“Bahama Route Fifty-Five Victor.”
e. Air Traffic Service (ATS) routes. State the
letter(s) of the route phonetically, followed by the
number of the route in group form.
EXAMPLE-
“Romeo Twenty.”
“Alfa Fifty.”
“Golf Sixty-one.”
“Alfa Seven Hundred.”
f. Military Training Routes (MTRs). State the
letters “I-R” or “V-R” followed by the number of the
route in group form.
EXAMPLE-
“I-R Five Thirty-one.”
“V-R Fifty-two.”
g. Published RNAV routes.
1. High Altitude - State the letter “Q” followed
by the route number in group form.
EXAMPLE-
“Q One Forty-five.”
2. Low Altitude - State the letter of the route
phonetically, followed by the number of the route in
group form.
EXAMPLE-
“Tango Two Ten.”
2-5-2. NAVAID TERMS
Describe radials, arcs, courses, bearings, and
quadrants of NAVAIDs as follows:
a. VOR/VORTAC/TACAN/MLS/GPS Waypoint.
State the name of the NAVAID or GPS
Waypoint followed by the separate digits of the
radial/azimuth/bearing (omitting the word “degrees”)
and the word “radial/azimuth/bearing.”
EXAMPLE-
“Appleton Zero Five Zero Radial.”
“Lindburg Runway Two Seven M-L-S, Two Six Zero
Azimuth.”
b. Arcs about VOR‐DME/VORTAC/TACAN/
MLS NAVAIDs. State the distance in miles from the
NAVAID followed by the words “mile arc,” the
direction from the NAVAID in terms of the eight
principal points of the compass, the word “of,” and
the name of the NAVAID.
EXAMPLE-
“Two Zero mile arc southwest of O'Hare Runway Two
Seven Left M-L-S.”
c. Quadrant within a radius of NAVAID. State
direction from NAVAID in terms of the quadrant;
e.g., NE, SE, SW, NW, followed by the distance in
miles from the NAVAID.
EXAMPLE-
“Cleared to fly northeast quadrant of Phillipsburg
VORTAC within Four Zero mile radius.”
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 4-4-1, Route Use.
P/CG Term- Quadrant.
d. Nondirectional beacons. State the course to or
the bearing from the radio beacon, omitting the word
“degree,” followed by the words “course to” or
“bearing from,” the name of the radio beacon, and the
words “radio beacon.”
EXAMPLE-
“Three Four Zero bearing from Randolph Radio Beacon.”
JO 7110.65S 2/14/08
2-5-2 Route and NAVAID Description
e. MLS. State the azimuth to or azimuth from the
MLS, omitting the word “degree” followed by the
words “azimuth to” or “azimuth from,” the name of
the MLS, and the term MLS.
EXAMPLE-
“Two Six Zero azimuth to Linburgh Runway Two Seven
MLS.”
f. Navigation Reference System (NRS) Waypoint.
State the single letter corresponding to the ICAO
Flight Information Region (FIR) identifier, followed
by the letter corresponding to the FIR subset (ARTCC
area for the conterminous U.S.), the latitude
increment in single digit or group form, and the
longitude increment.
EXAMPLE-
“Kilo Delta Three Four Uniform.”
“Kilo Delta Thirty Four Uniform.”
2-5-3. NAVAID FIXES
Describe fixes determined by reference to a
radial/localizer/azimuth and distance from a
VOR‐DME/VORTAC/TACAN/ILS‐DME or MLS
as follows:
a. When a fix is not named, state the name of the
NAVAID followed by a specified radial/localizer/
azimuth, and state the distance in miles followed by
the phrase “mile fix.”
EXAMPLE-
“Appleton Zero Five Zero radial Three Seven mile fix.”
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