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REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 5-7-2, Methods.
JO 7110.65S 2/14/08
5-7-2 Speed Adjustment
5-7-2. METHODS
a. Instruct aircraft to:
1. Maintain present/specific speed.
2. Maintain specified speed or greater/less.
3. Maintain the highest/lowest practical speed.
4. Increase or reduce to a specified speed or by
a specified number of knots.
PHRASEOLOGYSAY
AIRSPEED.
SAY MACH NUMBER.
MAINTAIN PRESENT SPEED.
MAINTAIN (specific speed) KNOTS.
MAINTAIN (specific speed) KNOTS OR GREATER.
DO NOT EXCEED (speed) KNOTS.
MAINTAIN MAXIMUM FORWARD SPEED.
MAINTAIN SLOWEST PRACTICAL SPEED.
INCREASE/REDUCE SPEED:
TO (specified speed in knots),
or
TO MACH (Mach number),
or
(number of knots) KNOTS.
EXAMPLE-
“Increase speed to Mach point seven two.”
“Reduce speed to two five zero.”
“Reduce speed twenty knots.”
“Maintain two eight zero knots.”
“Maintain maximum forward speed.”
NOTE-
1. A pilot operating at or above 10,000 feet MSL on an
assigned speed adjustment greater than 250 knots is
expected to comply with 14 CFR Section 91.117(a) when
cleared below 10,000 feet MSL, within domestic airspace,
without notifying ATC. Pilots are expected to comply with
the other provisions of 14 CFR Section 91.117 without
notification.
2. Speed restrictions of 250 knots do not apply to aircraft
operating beyond 12 NM from the coastline within the
U.S.Flight Information Region, in offshore Class E
airspace below 10,000 feet MSL. However, in airspace
underlying a Class B airspace area designated for an
airport, or in a VFR corridor designated through such as
a Class B airspace area, pilots are expected to comply with
the 200knot speed limit specified in 14 CFR
Section91.117(c). (See 14 CFR Sections 91.117(c) and
91.703.)
3. The phrases “maintain maximum forward speed” and
“maintain slowest practical speed” are primarily intended
for use when sequencing a group of aircraft. As the
sequencing plan develops, it may be necessary to
determine the specific speed and/or make specific speed
assignments.
b. To obtain pilot concurrence for a speed
adjustment at or above FL 390, as required by
para5-7-1, Application, use the following
phraseology.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(Speed adjustment), IF UNABLE ADVISE.
EXAMPLE-
“Reduce speed to one niner zero, if unable advise.”
c. Simultaneous speed reduction and descent can
be extremely difficult, particularly for turbojet
aircraft. Specifying which action is to be accomplished
first removes any doubt the pilot may have as
to controller intent or priority. Specify which action is
expected first when combining speed reduction with
a descent clearance.
1. Speed reductions prior to descent.
PHRASEOLOGYREDUCE
SPEED:
TO (specified speed),
or
(number of knots) KNOTS.
THEN, DESCEND AND MAINTAIN (altitude).
2. Speed reduction following descent.
PHRASEOLOGYDESCEND
AND MAINTAIN (altitude).
THEN, REDUCE SPEED:
TO (specified speed in knots),
or
2/14/08 JO 7110.65S
Speed Adjustment 5-7-3
TO MACH (Mach number),
or
(number of knots) KNOTS.
NOTEWhen
specifying descent prior to speed reduction, consider
the maximum speed requirements specified in 14CFR
Section 91.117. It may be necessary for the pilot to level off
temporarily and reduce speed prior to descending below
10,000 feet MSL.
d. Specify combined speed/altitude fix crossing
restrictions.
PHRASEOLOGYCROSS
(fix) AT AND MAINTAIN (altitude) AT (specified
speed) KNOTS.
EXAMPLE-
“Cross Robinsville at and maintain six thousand at
twothree zero knots.”
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 2-4-17, Numbers Usage.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 4-5-7, Altitude Information.
5-7-3. MINIMA
When assigning airspeeds, use the following
recommended minima:
a. To aircraft operating between FL 280 and
10,000 feet, a speed not less than 250 knots or the
equivalent Mach number.
NOTE-
1. On a standard day the Mach numbers equivalent to
250knots CAS (subject to minor variations) are:
FL 240-0.6
FL 250-0.61
FL 260-0.62
FL 270-0.64
FL 280-0.65
FL 290-0.66.
2. If a pilot is unable to comply with the speed assignment,
the pilot will advise.
b. When an operational advantage will be
realized, speeds lower than the recommended
minima may be applied.
c. To arrival aircraft operating below 10,000 feet:
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