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alerts shall be provided in accordance with para 2-1-6,
Safety Alert.
WAKE TURBULENCE APPLICATION
e. Separate aircraft operating directly behind, or
directly behind and less than 1,000 feet below, or
following an aircraft conducting an instrument
approach by:
2/14/08 JO 7110.65S
Radar Separation 5-5-3
NOTE-
1. When applying wake turbulence separation criteria,
directly behind means an aircraft is operating within
2500feet of the flight path of the leading aircraft over the
surface of the earth.
2. Consider parallel runways less than 2,500 feet apart as
a single runway because of the possible effects of wake
turbulence.
1. Heavy behind heavy- 4 miles.
2. Large/heavy behind B757- 4 miles.
3. Small behind B757- 5 miles.
4. Small/large behind heavy - 5 miles.
WAKE TURBULENCE APPLICATION
f. TERMINAL. In addition to subpara e, separate
an aircraft landing behind another aircraft on the
same runway, or one making a touch‐and‐go,
stop‐and‐go, or low approach by ensuring the
following minima will exist at the time the preceding
aircraft is over the landing threshold:
NOTEConsider
parallel runways less than 2,500 feet apart as a
single runway because of the possible effects of wake
turbulence.
1. Small behind large- 4 miles.
2. Small behind B757- 5 miles.
3. Small behind heavy- 6 miles.
g. TERMINAL. 2.5 nautical miles (NM) separation
is authorized between aircraft established on the
final approach course within 10 NM of the landing
runway when operating in single sensor slant range
mode and aircraft remains within 40 miles of the
antenna and:
1. The leading aircraft's weight class is the same
or less than the trailing aircraft;
2. Heavy aircraft and the Boeing 757 are
permitted to participate in the separation reduction as
the trailing aircraft only;
3. An average runway occupancy time of
50seconds or less is documented;
4. CTRDs are operational and used for quick
glance references;
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 3-1-9, Use of Tower Radar Displays.
5. Turnoff points are visible from the control
tower.
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 2-1-19, Wake Turbulence.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 3-9-6, Same Runway Separation.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-5-7, Passing or Diverging.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-5-9, Separation from Obstructions.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-8-3, Successive or Simultaneous
Departures.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-9-5, Approach Separation Responsibility.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-6-7, Sequencing.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-3, Separation.
FAAO JO 7110.65 Para 7-8-3, Separation.
FAAO JO 7210.3, Para 10-4-8, Reduced Separation on Final.
5-5-5. VERTICAL APPLICATION
Aircraft not laterally separated, may be vertically
separated by one of the following methods:
a. Assign altitudes to aircraft, provided valid
ModeC altitude information is monitored and the
applicable separation minima is maintained at all
times.
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 4-5-1, Vertical Separation Minima.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-2-17, Validation of Mode C Readout.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-3, Separation.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-8-3, Separation.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-9-4, Separation.
b. Assign an altitude to an aircraft after the aircraft
previously at that altitude has been issued a
climb/descent clearance and is observed (valid
ModeC), or reports leaving the altitude.
NOTE-
1. Consider known aircraft performance characteristics,
pilot furnished and/or Mode C detected information which
indicate that climb/descent will not be consistent with the
rates recommended in the AIM.
2. It is possible that the separation minima described in
para 4-5-1, Vertical Separation Minima, para7-7-3,
Separation, para 7-8-3, Separation, or para7-9-4,
Separation, might not always be maintained using
subparab. However, correct application of this procedure
will ensure that aircraft are safely separated because the
first aircraft must have already vacated the altitude prior
to the assignment of that altitude to the second aircraft.
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 2-1-3, Procedural Preference.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 4-5-1, Vertical Separation Minima.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-2-17, Validation of Mode C Readout.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 6-6-1, Application.
JO 7110.65S 2/14/08
5-5-4 Radar Separation
5-5-6. EXCEPTIONS
a. Do not use Mode C to effect vertical separation
with an aircraft on a cruise clearance, contact
approach, or as specified in para 5-15-4, System
Requirements, subpara e3.
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