(2)
Evaluating an applicant for a pilot certificate or rating.
FLIGHT TEST (JCS, NATO) - Test of an aircraft, rocket, missile, or other vehicle by actual flight or launching. Flight tests are planned to achieve specific test objectives and gain operational information.
FLIGHT VISIBILITY - (See Visibility)
FLIGHT VISIBILITY (JCS) - The average forward horizontal distance from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight at which prominent unlighted objects may be seen and identified by day and prominent lighted objects may be seen and identified by night.
FLIGHT VISIBILITY (ICAO) -The visibility forward from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight.
FLIGHT WATCH - A shortened term for use in air/ground contacts to identify the Flight Service Station providing Enroute Flight Advisory Service; e.g., "Oakland Flight Watch." (See Enroute Flight Advisory Service)
FLIP - (See DoD FLIP)
FLOW CONTROL (P/CG, ICAO) - Measures designed to adjust the flow of traffic into a given airspace, along a given route, or bound for a given aerodrome (airport) so as to ensure the most effective utilization of the airspace. (See Quota Flow Control)
FLY-BY WAYPOINT (P/CG) - A fly-by waypoint requires the use of turn anticipation to avoid overshoot of the next flight segment.
FLY HEADING (DEGREES) - Informs the pilot of the heading he should fly. The pilot may have to turn to, or continue on, a specific compass direction in order to comply with the instructions. The pilot is expected to turn in the shorter direction to the heading, unless otherwise instructed by Air Traffic Control.
FLY-OVER WAYPOINT (P/CG) - A fly-over waypoint precludes any turn until the waypoint is overflown and is followed by an intercept maneuver of the next flight segment.
FM IMMUNITY - VHF navigation (VOR/ILS) and communications avionics certified to 1985 ICAO standards (Annex 10 SARPS) to reject interference from commercial FM broadcast stations. Communications interference can result in garbled or missed communications, potentially affecting non-8.33 VHF voice receivers. The most likely characteristic of FM navigation interference is to desensitize deflection of the course deviation indicator. Desensitization can result in aircraft actual displacement significantly greater than indicated by cockpit instrumentation. On 1 Jan 2001, most ICAO European region nations will restrict or prohibit enroute and terminal area operations (STARS, approaches, and departure procedures) by non-FM immune equipped aircraft. Tune, identify and monitor procedures while important cannot ascertain/guarantee the absence of FM interference. Navigation receivers not certified as FM immune do not provide the aircrew warning of this erroneous and potentially hazardous situation (i.e., faulty course guidance with no “OFF” flag and/or aural warning).
FORMATION FLIGHT - More than one aircraft which, by prior arrangement between the pilots, operate as a single aircraft with regard to navigation and position reporting. Separation between aircraft within the formation is the responsibility of the flight leader and the pilots of the other aircraft in the flight. This includes transition periods when aircraft within the formation are maneuvering to attain separation from each other to effect individual control and during join-up and breakaway.
(1)
A standard formation is one in which a proximity of no more than 1 mile laterally or longitudinally and within 100 feet vertically from the flight leader is maintained by each winging.
(2)
Nonstandard formations are those operating under any of the following conditions:
(a)
When the flight leader has requested and Air Traffic Control has approved other than standard formation dimensions.
(b)
When operating within an Authorized Altitude Reservation (ALTRV) or under the provisions of a Letter of Agreement.
(c)
When the Operations are conducted in airspace specifically designed for a special activity. (See Altitude Reservation) (Refer to Federal Air Regulations Part 91)
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