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APPROACH CONTROL FACILITY - A terminal Air Traffic Control facility that provides approach control service in a terminal area. (See Approach Control Service, Radar Approach Control Facility).
APPROACH CONTROL SERVICE (P/CG) - Air Traffic Control service provided by an Approach Control facility for arriving and departing VFR/IFR aircraft and, on occasion, enroute aircraft. At some airports not served by an Approach Control facility, the Air Route Traffic Control Center provides limited Approach Control service.
APPROACH CONTROL SERVICE (ICAO) - Air Traffic Control service for arriving or departing controlled flights.
APPROACH GATE - An imaginary point used within Air Traffic Control as a basis for vectoring aircraft to the final approach course. The gate will be established along the final approach course 1 mile from the Outer Marker (or the fix used in lieu of the Outer Marker) on the side away from the airport for precision approaches and 1 mile from the Final Approach Fix on the side away from the airport for nonprecision approaches. In either case when measured along the final approach course, the gate will be no closer than 5 miles from the landing threshold.
APPROACH LIGHT SYSTEM - (See Airport Lighting)
APPROACH SEQUENCE (P/CG) - The order in which aircraft are positioned while on approach or awaiting approach clearance. (See Landing Sequence)
APPROACH SEQUENCE (JCS, NATO) - The order in which aircraft are to approach a given point.
APPROACH SEQUENCE (ICAO) - The order in which two or more aircraft are cleared for an approach.
APPROACH SPEED - The recommended speed contained in aircraft operating manuals used by pilots when making an approach to landing. This speed will vary for different segments of an approach as well as for aircraft weight and configuration.
APPROPRIATE TERRAIN/OBSTACLE CLEARANCE MINIMUM ALTITUDE - Any of the following: Minimum IFR Altitude (MIA), Minimum Enroute Altitude (MEA), Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude (MOCA), or Minimum Vectoring Altitude (MVA).
APRON (ICAO) - A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo, refueling, parking or maintenance.
APRON/RAMP (P/CG, JCS, NATO) - A defined area on an airport or heliport intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo, refueling, parking, or maintenance. With regard to seaplanes, a ramp is used for access to the apron from the water.
ARC - The track over the ground of an aircraft flying at a constant distance from a navigational aids by reference to distance measuring equipment (DME).
AREA CONTROL CENTER/ACC (JCS, NATO, ICAO) - A unit established to provide Air Traffic Control service to controlled flights in control areas under its jurisdiction. This term is applicable within ICAO Regions.
AREA NAVIGATION (RNAV) APPROACH CONFIGURATION (P/CG) -
a. STANDARD T - An RNAV approach whose design allows direct flight to any one of three initial approach fixes (IAF) and eliminates the need for procedure turns. The standard design is to align the procedure on the extended centerline with the missed approach point (MAP) at the runway threshold, the final approach fix (FAF), and the initial approach/intermediate fix (IAF/IF). The other two IF’s will be established perpendicular to the IF.
b.
MODIFIED T - An RNAV approach design for single or multiple runways where terrain or operational constraints do not allow for the standard T. The "T" may be modified by increasing or decreasing the angle from the corner IAF(s) to the IF or by eliminating one or both corner IAF's.
c.
STANDARD I - An RNAV approach design for a single runway with both corner IAF's eliminated. Course reversal or radar vectoring may be required at busy terminals with multiple runways.
d.
TERMINAL ARRIVAL AREA (TAA) - The TAA is controlled airspace established in conjunction with the Standard or Modified T and I RNAV approach configurations. In the standard TAA, there are three areas: straight-in, left base, and right base. The arc boundaries of the three areas of the TAA are published portions of the approach and allow aircraft to transition from the enroute structure direct to the nearest IAF. TAA's will also eliminate or reduce feeder routes, departure extensions, and procedure turns or course reversal.
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