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to shut off the flow of flammable fluids into such
regions if a fire occurs. Where sources of flammable
fluid exist in such regions, the whole of the related
system within the region, including supporting structure,
shall be fireproof or shielded from the effects of fires.
C) Fire detection. For turbine engine installations, a sufficient
number of fire detectors shall be provided and
located to ensure rapid detection of any fire that might
occur in such regions, unless the fire can be readily
observed in flight by the pilot in the cockpit.
d) Fire extinguishment. For turbine engine helicopters of a
maximum certificated take-off mass greater than
3 175 kg, such regions shall be provided with a fire
extinguisher system capable of extinguishing any fire
likely to occur therein, unless the degree of isolation,
quantity of combustibles, fire resistance of the structure,
and other factors are such that any fire likely to occur in
the region would not jeopardize the safety of the
helicopter.
SUB-PART F. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
F.l General F.3 Safety and survival equipment
F.l.1 The helicopter shall be provided with approved
instruments, equipment and systems necessary for the safe
operation of the helicopter in the anticipated operating conditions.
These shall include the instruments and equipment
necessary to enable the crew to operate the helicopter within
its operating limitations. Instruments and equipment design
shall consider Human Factors principles.
Note 1.- Instruments and equipment additional to the
minimum necessary for the issuance of a Certificate of Airworthiness
are prescribed in Annex 6, Part III, for particular
circumstances or on particular kinds of routes.
Note 2.- For system software certification, see Sub-part H.
Note 3.- Guidance material on Human Factors principles
can be found in the Human Factors Training Manual
(Doc 9683) and in the Human Factors Guidelines for Air
Traffic Management (ATM) Systems (Doc 9758).
F.1.2 The design of the instruments, equipment and systems
required by F.l.l and their installation shall be such that:
a) for a Category A helicopter, an inverse relationship exists
between the probability of a failure condition and the
severity of its effect on the helicopter and its occupants,
as determined by a system safety assessment process;
b) they perform their function under all anticipated
operating conditions; and
c) electrical interference between them does not adversely
effect safe operation.
F.1.3 Means shall be provided to warn the crew of unsafe
system operating conditions and to enable them to take corrective
action.
F.1.4 The design of the electrical power supply system
shall be such as to enable it to supply power loads during
normal operations and shall also be such that no single failure
or malfunction could impair the ability of the system to supply
essential loads for safe operation.
F.2 Installation
Instrument and equipment installations shall comply with the
Standards of Sub-part D.
Prescribed safety and survival equipment that the crew or
passengers are expected to use or operate at the time of an
emergency shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily
identified, and its method of operation shall be plainly marked.
FA Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
F.4.1 The lights required by Annex 2 - Rules of the Air
to be displayed by helicopters in flight or operating on the
movement area of an aerodrome or a heliport shall have intensities,
colours, fields of coverage and other characteristics such
that they furnish the pilot of another aircraft or personnel on
the ground with as much time as possible for interpretation and
for subsequent manoeuvre necessary to avoid a collision. In
the design of such lights, due account shall be taken of the
conditions under which they may reasonably be expected to
perform these functions.
Note 1.- It is likely that lights will be viewed against a
variety of backgrounds, such as typical city lighting, clear
starry sky, moonlit water and daytime conditions of low
background luminance. Furthermore, collision risk situations
are most likely to arise in terminal control areas in which
aircraj? are manoeuvring in the intermediate and lower flight
levels at closing speeds that are unlikely to exceed 900 km/h
(500 kt).
Note 2.- See the Airworthiness Manual (Doc 9760)
for detailed technical specifications for exterior lights for
helicopters.
F.4.2 Lights shall be installed in helicopters so as to
minimize the possibility that they will adversely affect the
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附件8--航空器适航性 Airworthiness of Aircraft(59)
