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have a MTOW in excess of 15,000KG, are required to carry and
operate TCAS II equipment while in Australian airspace. Pilots
are expected to react to TCAS alerts as follows:
a. Traffic Advisory. In the case of a Traffic Advisory the pilot will
attempt to establish visual contact and change the flight path
only if a collision risk is established visually.
b. Resolution Advisory. In the case of a Resolution Advisory the
pilot will respond in accordance with the collision avoidance
manoeuvre prescribed by the TCAS system.
Note 1: In controlled airspace, the controlling agency must be
advised as soon as practicable when a Resolution
Advisory manoeuvre is initiated.
Note 2: Not all transponders used in Australian airspace are
compatible with TCAS II, which cannot detect aircraft
fitted with the incompatible transponders.
7.2 The Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) requires that all
TCAS Resolution Advisory alerts, which involve a breakdown in
separation only, are to be treated as immediately notifiable
occurrences (ENR 1.14 sub-para 2.1.1e. refers).
7.3 The ATSB reporting requirements apply to all TCAS-equipped
aircraft operating in Australian FIRs. The requirements also apply
to Australian registered aircraft operating outside Australian
airspace.
7.4 The above information is required for proactive systems analysis
in relation to accident prevention.
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
GEN (GENERAL) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
8. AREA NAVIGATION (RNAV) SYSTEMS APPROVAL AND
OPERATIONS
8.1 Data Integrity
8.1.1 As a significant number of data errors in general applications occur
as a result of manual data errors, navigation aid and way-point
latitude and longitude data should be derived from a data base, if
available, which cannot be modified by the operator or pilots.
8.1.2 When data is entered manually, data entries must be
cross-checked by at least two crew members for accuracy and
reasonableness, or, for single pilot operations, an independent
check must be made (eg, computed tracks and distances against
current chart data).
8.1.3 Both manually-entered and database-derived position and
tracking information must be checked for reasonableness
(confidence check) in the following cases:
a. prior to each compulsory reporting point;
b. at or prior to arrival at each en route way-point;
c. at hourly intervals during area-type operations when operating
off established routes; and
d. after insertion of new data; eg, creation of a new flight plan.
8.2 Database Currency
8.2.1 For RNAV systems that contain an updateable database, that
database must be current when the system is used for flights
under the IFR/NVFR.
8.3 Operations Below LSALT/MSA
8.3.1 Only data from a current validated database may be used for
navigation below the LSALT/MSA. Manually entered data must
not be used for navigation below the LSALT/MSA, unless
specifically authorised by the CASA.
8.4 Systems Approval
8.4.1 RNAV systems suitable for approval are based on GPS or inertial
reference.
8.4.2 Inertial RNAV equipment may be used operationally as the sole
means of en route navigation only when the specific aircraft and
operator have been formally approved to do so by the CASA.
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
GEN (GENERAL) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
8.4.3 Approval, which may be granted by District Offices of the CASA for
Australian registered aircraft, is based on system operational
accuracy determined from samples of flight data forwarded to the
CASA by the operator. For foreign registered aircraft, approval is
administered by Head Office of the CASA.
8.4.4 All Australian registered aircraft fitted with an inertial RNAV system
which has been operationally approved by the CASA are
permitted to flight plan and operate on RNAV routes. Foreign
registered aircraft which have received approval from the CASA
are also permitted to operate on RNAV routes.
8.4.5 To identify an aircraft equipped with inertial RNAV systems as
being approved to operate on Australian RNAV routes with the
application of Australian RNAV separation standards, “I” must be
included in Field 10 (Equipment) and “NAV/AUSEP” in Field 18
(Other Information) of the flight notification.
WARNING: Use of RNAV equipment which has not been
approved by the CASA can be hazardous to aircraft operations
and is contrary to Civil Aviation Regulations. In addition, position
information gained from RNAV systems which are not approved
must not be provided to ATC for traffic separation purposes (see
Section 9. for use of RNAV systems for aircraft separation
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