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in anticipation that the prescribed separation will exist at the
time that the take-off roll is commenced.
5.5.2 Other than as specified for LAHSO operations in para 49.1, exceptions
to this application of separation standards are:
a. aircraft taking off in formation with respect to each other;
b. aircraft operating in different areas or lanes on aerodromes
with runways or facilities suitable for simultaneous take-offs
(CAR 168); and
c. the avoidance of wake turbulence.
6. VISUAL DEPARTURE – IFR FLIGHTS
6.1 By day in VMC, the pilot of an IFR flight may request a visual departure,
or ATC may advise, “EXPECT VISUAL DEPARTURE”.
6.2 ATC Responsibilities
6.2.1 ATC will only issue a visual departure to an IFR flight when the
cloud base is such that the pilot can maintain flight in VMC below
the MVA (radar environment) or the MSA/LSALT (non-radar environment).
6.2.2 When an IFR aircraft is issued radar heading instructions and/or
required to maintain a level below the MVA or MSA/LSALT during a
visual departure, “VISUAL” will be appended to the departure
instruction.
6.3 Pilot Responsibilities
6.3.1 A pilot of an IFR flight may only request a visual departure when
the cloud base will allow the aircraft to climb in VMC to the MSA/
LSALT applicable to the departure. Additionally, if the intended
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
ENR (EN ROUTE) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
cruising level is lower than route LSALT, the cloud base must permit
flight in VMC at that level.
6.3.2 During the conduct of a visual departure, a pilot must:
a. maintain the track(s)/heading(s) authorised by ATC;
b. remain not less than 500FT above the lower limit of the CTA; and
c. visually maintain obstacle clearance.
7. AFTER TAKE-OFF
7.1 Airborne Report – Radar
In a radar environment, on first contact with departures control, a
pilot must report:
a. the direction of turn;
b. the initial radar heading;
c. the altitude passing, to nearest 100FT; and
d. the last assigned level.
However, an aircraft tracking via a SID which does not incorporate
initial radar heading instructions is only required to advise altitude
passing and confirm assigned level.
7.2 Departure Report – Non-radar
7.2.1 In a non-radar environment, a departure report containing the following
information must be passed to the tower:
a. departure time (if applicable);
b. tracking information;
c. the last assigned altitude; and
d. the estimate for the first en route reporting point.
7.2.2 The departure time must be calculated as follows:
a. current time minus an adjustment for the distance from the
aerodrome; or
b. when over or abeam the aerodrome.
Tracking information must confirm the track established with reference
to the appropriate navigation aid or, if tracking via a SID, confirm
the SID identifier.
7.3 Establishment on Track
Unless tracking via a SID or otherwise instructed by ATC, a pilot in
command must remain within 5NM of the departure aerodrome to
establish flight on the departure track as soon as practicable after
take-off.
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
ENR (EN ROUTE) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
7.4 Frequency Change
7.4.1 When frequency change instructions are issued immediately preceding
the take-off clearance, pilots must transfer automatically
from Tower as soon as practicable after take-off, preferably within
one mile of becoming airborne.
7.4.2 In all other situations, pilots of departing aircraft are required to remain
on Tower frequency until specific frequency change instructions
are issued. Pilots can generally expect an instruction to contact
Departures Control prior to reaching 2,000FT and should,
when advised, effect the change as soon as possible.
7.4.3 When contacting Area Control, advise only whether climbing to,
descending to, or maintaining the last assigned level.
8. VFR CLIMB AND DESCENT – IFR FLIGHTS
8.1 General
8.1.1 A pilot of an IFR flight, operating in VMC at or below FL180, may
request to climb/descend VFR.
8.1.2 When, in the controller’s judgement, there is reason to believe that
flight in VMC may become impracticable, the controller will issue
an alternative clearance that ensures separation from all other aircraft
for which he/she has separation responsibility.
8.1.3 The pilot of an IFR flight cleared to “Climb/Descend VFR” will receive
a service in accordance with para 8.3.2.
8.1.4 An appropriate clearance must be obtained prior to entering a different
class of controlled airspace.
8.2 Pilot Procedures
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