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81.3.7 At a non-controlled aerodrome a pilot may take-off from any area
which is assessed as being suitable as a HLS.
81.3.8 When the pilot elects to conduct the take-off from outside the flight
strip of the runway in use by aeroplanes, the helicopter take-off
path must be outside that flight strip.
81.3.9 Before take-off, the helicopter is to be positioned to the appropriate
side of the runway in use so that the turn after take-off does not
cross the extended centre line of that runway. The pre-take-off
positioning of the helicopter will be by air transit or by taxiing as appropriate.
81.3.10 The turn after take-off onto the desired departure track may be
commenced when the pilot considers that the helicopter is at a
safe height to do so. If the resultant departure track conflicts with
the aeroplane traffic pattern, the helicopter should remain at
500FT above the surface until clear of that circuit pattern. Where
this procedure is not practicable on environmental grounds, the
helicopter is to adopt the standard departure procedure applicable
to aeroplanes.
81.3.11 Pilots of radio equipped helicopters must broadcast intentions on
the appropriate frequency before take-off.
81.4 Helicopter Access Corridors and Lanes
81.4.1 The following procedures for operations within promulgated helicopter
access corridors and lanes apply:
a. maximum IAS of 120KT;
b. helicopters must operate under VFR, usually not below 500FT
above the surface by day, subject to flight over populous area
restrictions and the limitations published in ERSA for authorised
corridors by night;
c. “see and avoid” procedures must be used;
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d. formation flights are restricted to line astern with the lead aircraft
responsible for maintaining separation from other traffic in
accordance with sub-para c.;
e. a traffic advisory service is available in access corridors;
f. a radar advisory service may be given at designated aerodromes;
g. a continuous listening watch on the appropriate ATS frequency
in access corridors or broadcast frequency in lanes is mandatory;
h. two-way operations are conducted with all traffic keeping to the
right of the central geographical/topographical feature(s) as
detailed in ERSA;
i. the pilot-in-command has the responsibility to ensure that
operations are confined within the boundaries of the corridor or
lane;
j. the limits of corridors and lanes must be adhered to, with any
transitional altitude requirements maintained within an accuracy
of ±100FT;
k. a helicopter not confining its operations to an access corridor
will require ATC clearance and, while outside the corridor, will
be subject to separation standards as applied by ATC.
Note: Subject to environmental noise considerations, the imposition
of limitations on those types of helicopters which exceed the
noise limits specified in ICAO Annex 16 Vol 1 may be necessary.
81.5 Arrivals
81.5.1 At a controlled aerodrome, prescribed entry “gates” and associated
standard routes and/or altitudes may be provided to facilitate
the flow of helicopter traffic. Procedures for their use will be
promulgated in ERSA. Use of these “gates” is not mandatory.
Subject to the receipt of an ATC clearance, helicopters may, if required,
conform to the standard traffic procedures applicable to
aeroplanes. This option may be more appropriate when operating
larger helicopters.
81.5.2 Unless requested by the pilot, a landing clearance will not be issued
for a helicopter if the tailwind component exceeds 5KT.
81.5.3 At night a helicopter should not land at a site other than one which
conforms with the requirements specified in the latest issue of
CAAP 92-2. Any illuminated runway or illuminated taxiway of dimensions
commensurate with the size of the helicopter landing
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site applicable to the helicopter, in accordance with CAAP 92–2, is
considered to meet the requirements of CAAP 92–2.
81.5.4 At a non-controlled aerodrome in VMC by day applicable to the aircraft
category, helicopters need not join the circuit via standard
aeroplane entry procedures, at the pilots discretion.
As an alternative, under such conditions, helicopters may join the
circuit area at 500FT above the surface from any direction subject
to the normal restrictions of flight over populous areas. Helicopters
must avoid other circuit traffic and descend to land at any
location assessed by the pilot as being suitable for use as a HLS,
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