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performance and directional control.
75.3 During the bush fire danger period, pilots in command of aircraft
should notify the nearest ATS unit promptly of any evidence of
bush fires observed which they believe have not been reported
previously.
75.4 Coastwatch is the government civil surveillance organisation
which coordinates aerial patrols of border and off-shore areas to
detect breaches of Customs, Fisheries, Quarantine and Immigration
legislation.
75.4.1 Pilots are invited to assist the Coastwatch by reporting activities
which appear to warrant recording or investigation. Reports
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should be made to the in-contact ATS unit. Observations warranting
a report include:
a. observed marine pollution (including oil slicks);
b. shipping abnormalities;
c. other unusual activities within approximately 300NM of the
coastline;
d. suspicious activities of unidentified itinerant aircraft, especially
if there is a suggestion that they are travelling from or to an
overseas destination;
e. aircraft signalling the ground or dropping objects;
f. aircraft operating at night without navigation lights;
g. aircraft operating from non-aerodrome sites, or unexplained or
unusual activity at aerodromes or remote strips;
h. possible illegal fishing within the 200NM fishing zone;
i. possible smuggling of drugs or other prohibited goods;
j. possible illegal immigrants entering Australia;
k. unauthorised landings by sea or air;
l. threats to the well being of the Great Barrier Reef or other environmentally
significant areas; and
m. unusual activities in remote areas.
75.4.2 Such reports should be elaborated on at debriefing.
75.5 Observed volcanic activity must be included in AIREP.
76. FLIGHTS OVER WATER
76.1 Aircraft engaged in PVT, AWK, or CHTR operations, and which are
normally prohibited by CAR 258 from over-water flights because of
their inability to reach land in the event of engine failure, may fly
over water subject to compliance with the conditions in this section.
These conditions are additional to the requirements for flight
over land.
76.2 In the case of passenger-carrying CHTR operations, the distance
from land areas suitable for an emergency landing must not exceed
25NM. In the case of helicopters, a fixed platform or a vessel
suitable for an emergency landing, or for seaplanes an area of
water suitable for an emergency landing and located adjacent to
land may be considered acceptable for this requirement.
76.3 There is no limitation for PVT, AWK or freight-only CHTR operations.
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76.4 Each occupant of the aircraft must wear a life jacket during the
flight over water unless exempted from doing so under the terms of
CAO 20.11.
76.5 A meteorological forecast must be obtained.
76.6 VFR flights are required to submit a SARTIME flight notification to
ATS or leave a Flight Note with a responsible person.
76.7 SAR Alerting:
a. VFR flights may choose to operate on reporting schedules for
the over-water stages of a flight. Schedules may be arranged
before commencing the over-water stage and terminate on
completion of the crossing.
b. VFR aircraft not equipped with radio which will enable continuous
communication, or not radio equipped, must carry a survival
beacon as prescribed in CAO 20.11, for the over-water
stages of the flight.
76.8 Helicopters must be fitted with an approved flotation system unless
exempted under the terms of CAO 20.11.
76.9 Helicopters operating in accordance with the approval given
above must comply with the VFR, except that in the case of helicopters
operating below 700FT above water by day, the flight visibility
must not be less than 5,000M and the helicopter must be
flown at a distance equal to or greater than 600M horizontally and
500FT vertically from cloud, unless track guidance is provided by
an approved operating radio navigation aid and the helicopter is
equipped with a complementary radio navigation system.
77. PROCEDURES FOR GROUND OPERATION OF TURBO-JET
AIRCRAFT
77.1 Whenever an engine, other than the APU, of a turbo-jet aircraft is
operating on the ground, the aircraft’s anti-collision light(s) must
be displayed, thereby indicating to pilots of other aircraft to exercise
caution. Military turbo-jet aircraft should always be treated
with caution as their anti-collision light may not be displayed even
though an engine is running.
78. CLEARANCES – PILOT RESPONSIBILITY
78.1 A clearance issued by an ATS unit is only an authorisation for the
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