g. If contact was not established prior to deviating, continue trying
to contact ATC to obtain clearance. If contact was established,
continue to keep ATC advised of intentions and obtain traffic information.
h. When returning to track and within approximately 10NM of
track, be at the assigned flight level.
1.7 Aircraft Deviations – Greater Than Moderate Turbulence
1.7.1 If greater than moderate turbulence is experienced, and the pilot
believes it will impact on the aircraft’s capability to maintain the
Cleared Flight Level (CFL), the pilot should proceed as follows:
a. Watch for possible conflicting traffic and make maximum use of
exterior lights.
b. Broadcast callsign, position, level, nature and severity of turbulence
and intentions on 121.5MHZ (inter-pilot frequency may
be used as a back-up).
c. Notify ATC as soon as possible and request level change if necessary.
d. If the CFL cannot be maintained, execute established contingency
procedures to leave assigned track or route.
Note: Based on pilot advice and traffic assessment, the ATS provider
may suspend RVSM operations.
1.8 Aircraft Deviations – Other Than Weather
1.8.1 The following procedures are applicable primarily when sub-sonic
aircraft require rapid descent and/or turn-back or diversion to an
alternate airport. The pilot’s judgment will determine the sequence
of actions to be taken, taking into account specific circumstances.
1.8.2 If an aircraft is unable to continue flight in accordance with its air
ATC clearance, a revised clearance must, whenever possible, be
obtained prior to initiating any action, using the radiotelephony distress
or urgency signal as appropriate.
1.8.3 If prior clearance cannot be obtained, an ATC clearance must be
obtained at the earliest possible time. Until a revised clearance is
received, the pilot must comply with the following:
a. If possible, deviate away from an organised track or route system.
b. Broadcast the following at suitable intervals on the frequency in
use and on frequency 121.5MHZ (as a back-up, the VHF interpilot
air-to-air frequency 123.45MHZ may be used):
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
ENR (EN ROUTE) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
(1) flight identification (operator call-sign),
(2) flight level,
(3) aircraft position including track code or ATS route designator,
and
(4) intentions, including the extent of deviation expected.
c. Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to
TCAS/ACAS (if equipped).
d. Turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate
operating limitations).
1.8.4 If unable to obtain a revised ATC clearance, the aircraft should
leave its assigned route or track by turning 90° right or left, whenever
this is possible. The direction of turn should be determined
by the position of the aircraft relative to any organised route or
track system (eg, whether the aircraft is outside, at the edge of, or
within the system). Other factors to consider are terrain clearance
and the levels allocated to adjacent routes or tracks.
1.8.5 Subsequent Actions. The following actions should be followed
subsequent to an aircraft deviation in oceanic controlled airspace:
a. Aircraft Able to Maintain Level:
An aircraft able to maintain its assigned level should acquire
and maintain, in either direction, a track laterally separated by
25NM from its assigned route or track, and once established on
the offset track, climb or descend 500FT (150M).
b. Aircraft Unable to Maintain Level:
An aircraft NOT able to maintain its assigned level should, whenever
possible, minimise its rate of descent while turning to acquire
and maintain, in either direction, a track laterally separated
by 25NM from its assigned route or track. For
subsequent level flight, a level should be selected which differs
by 500FT (150M) from those normally used.
c. Diversion Across the Flow of Adjacent Traffic:
Before commencing a diversion across the flow of adjacent
traffic, the aircraft should, while maintaining the 25NM offset,
expedite climb above or descent below levels where the majority
of oceanic traffic operate (eg, to a level at or above FL410
or below FL285) and then maintain a level which differs by
500FT (150M) from those normally used.
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
ENR (EN ROUTE) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
1.8.6 If the pilot is unable or unwilling to carry out a major climb or descent,
the aircraft should be flown at a level 500FT (150M) above
or below levels normally used, until a new ATC clearance is obtained.
1.9 Aircraft Deviations – ETOPS Aircraft
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