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international flights, the U.S. recommends that they be transmitted so that they are received by ATC
authorities in each Flight Information Region (FIR) to be entered, at least 2 hours prior to entry,
unless otherwise provided in that State’s requirements.
3.6.1 Air traffic control clearances are not needed for VFR flight in U.S. Class C, D, or E airspace.
3.6.2.4 When meteorological conditions fall below the minimum specified for en route VFR flights, the
pilot of the aircraft shall not continue his/her flight in such conditions, except in emergency, beyond
the extent necessary to return to his/her departure point or to the nearest suitable landing point.
3.6.5.2.2 In the event of two−way communications failure in the U.S., ATC service is predicated on pilot
compliance with the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91 (Section 91.185). If the failure occurs in IMC, or
if VFR cannot be complied with, each pilot is to continue the flight according to the following:
Route
a) By the route assigned in the last ATC clearance received;
b) If being radar vectored, by the direct route from the point of failure to the fix, route, or
airway specified in the vector clearance;
c) In the absence of an assigned route, by the route that ATC has advised may be expected
in a further clearance; or
d) In the absence of an assigned route or a route that ATC has advised may be expected in
a further clearance, by the route filed in the flight plan.
Altitude − At the HIGHEST of the following altitudes or flight levels FOR THE ROUTE
SEGMENT BEING FLOWN:
a) The altitude or flight level assigned in the last ATC clearance received;
b) The minimum altitude/flight level as prescribed for IFR operations; or
c) The altitude or flight level ATC has advised may be expected in a further clearance.
31 JULY 08
AIP
United States of America
GEN 1.7−7
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
Basic VFR Weather Minimums
Airspace Flight Visibility Distance from Clouds
Class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable Not Applicable
Class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 statute miles Clear of Clouds
Class C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 statute miles 500 feet below
1,000 feet above
2,000 feet horizontal
Class D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 statute miles 500 feet below
1,000 feet above
2,000 feet horizontal
Class E
Less than 10,000 feet MSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 statute miles 500 feet below
1,000 feet above
2,000 feet horizontal
At or above 10,000 feet MSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 statute miles 1,000 feet below
1,000 feet above
1 statute mile horizontal
Class G
1,200 feet or less above the surface (regardless of MSL
altitude).
Day, except as provided in Section 91.155(b) . . . . . . . . . . 1 statute mile Clear of clouds
Night, except as provided in Section 91.155(b) . . . . . . . . . 3 statute miles 500 feet below
1,000 feet above
2,000 feet horizontal
More than 1,200 feet above the surface but less than
10,000 feet MSL.
Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 statute mile 500 feet below
1,000 feet above
2,000 feet horizontal
Night . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 statute miles 500 feet below
1,000 feet above
2,000 feet horizontal
More than 1,200 feet above the surface and at or above
10,000 feet MSL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 statute miles 1,000 feet below
1,000 feet above
1 statute mile horizontal
Chapter 4 Visual Flight Rules
4.1 and
Table 4−1
There is no Class F airspace in the U.S. Basic VFR weather minimums are listed in the table above.
4.1 a) Except as otherwise authorized by the appropriate air traffic control unit for special VFR flights
within Class B, C, D, or E surface areas, no person may operate an aircraft under VFR when the
flight visibility is less, or at a distance from clouds that is less than that prescribed for the
corresponding altitude and class of airspace in the table above.
4.1 b) Class G Airspace: Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph a) of this section, the following
operations may be conducted in Class G airspace below 1,200 feet above the surface:
1) Helicopter. A helicopter may be operated clear of clouds if operated at a speed that
allows the pilot adequate opportunity to see any air traffic or obstruction in time to avoid collision.
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