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Ground−Air Visual Code for use by Ground Search Parties
L L L
L L
X X
N N
NO. MESSAGE CODE SYMBOL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Operrattiion complletted.
We have found all personnel.
We have found only some personnel..
We are not able to continue.
Returning to base.
Have divided into two groups.
Each proceeding in direction indicated.
Information received that aircraft is in this direction..
Nothing found.. Will continue search..
Note: These visual signals have been accepted for international use and appear in Annex 12 to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation.
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.6−8
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
FIG GEN 3.6−3
Urgent Medical Assistance
NEED MEDICAL
ASSISTANCE-URGENT
Used only when life is at stake
FIG GEN 3.6−4
All OK
ALL OK-DO NOT WAIT
Wave one arm overhead
FIG GEN 3.6−5
Short Delay
CAN PROCEED SHORTLY
WAIT IF PRACTICABLE
One arm horizontal
FIG GEN 3.6−6
Long Delay
NEED MECHANICAL HELP
OR PARTS - LONG DELAY
Both arms horizontal
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.6−9
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
FIG GEN 3.6−7
Drop Message
Make throwing motion
FIG GEN 3.6−8
Receiver Operates
OUR RECEIVER IS
OPERATING
Cup hands over ears
FIG GEN 3.6−9
Do Not Land Here
DO NOT ATTEMPT
TO LAND HERE
Both arms waved across face
FIG GEN 3.6−10
Land Here
LAND HERE
Both arms forward horizontally,
squatting and point in direction
of landing - Repeat
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.6−10
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
FIG GEN 3.6−11
Negative (Ground)
NEGATIVE (NO)
White cloth waved horizontally
FIG GEN 3.6−12
Affirmative (Ground)
FIG GEN 3.6−13
Pick Us Up
PICK US UPPLANE
ABANDONED
Both arms vertical
FIG GEN 3.6−14
Affirmative (Aircraft)
Affirmative reply from aircraft:
AFFIRMATIVE (YES)
Dip nose of plane several times
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.6−11
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
FIG GEN 3.6−15
Negative (Aircraft)
NEGATIVE (NO)
Fishtail plane
Negattiivve rrepplly ffrrom aiirrcrrafftt:
FIG GEN 3.6−16
Message received and understood (Aircraft)
Message received and understood by aircraft:
Day or moonlight - Rocking wings
Night - Green flashed from signal lamp
FIG GEN 3.6−17
Message received and NOT understood (Aircraft)
Message received and NOT understood by aircraft:
Day or moonlight - Making a complete right-hand circle
Night-Red flashes from signal lamp.
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.6−12
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
10. Pilot Responsibility and Authority
10.1The pilot in command of an aircraft is directly
responsible for, and is the final authority as to the
operation of that aircraft. In an emergency requiring
immediate action, the pilot in command may deviate
from any rule in Title 14 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR), Part 91, Subpart A, General, and
Subpart B, Flight Rules, to the extent required to meet
that emergency (14 CFR Section91.3(b)).
10.2If the emergency authority of 14 CFR
Section91.3(b) is used to deviate from the provisions
of an air traffic control clearance, the pilot in
command must notify ATC as soon as possible and
obtain an amended clearance (14 CFR
Section91.123(c)).
10.3Unless deviation is necessary under the
emergency authority of 14 CFR Section 91.3, pilots
of IFR flights experiencing two−way radio communications
failure are expected to adhere to the
procedures prescribed under IFR operations;
two−way radio communications failure." (14 CFR
Section 91.185)
11. Distress and Urgency Communications
11.1A pilot who encounters a distress or urgency
condition can obtain assistance simply by contacting
the air traffic facility or other agency in whose area of
responsibility the aircraft is operating, stating the
nature of the difficulty, pilot’s intentions, and
assistance desired. Distress and urgency communications
procedures prescribed by the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO), however, have
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