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facilities.
18.4 If pilots do not make PIREPs by radio, it is
helpful if, upon landing, they report to the nearest
AFSS/FSS or Weather Forecast Office the inflight
conditions which they encountered. Some of the uses
made of the reports are:
18.4.1 The ATCT uses the reports to expedite the
flow of air traffic in the vicinity of the field and for
hazardous weather avoidance procedures.
18.4.2 The AFSS/FSS uses the reports to brief other
pilots, to provide inflight advisories and weather
avoidance information to en route aircraft.
18.4.3 The ARTCC uses the reports to expedite the
flow of en route traffic, to determine most favorable
altitudes, and to issue hazardous weather information
within the center's area.
18.4.4 The NWS uses the reports to verify or amend
conditions contained in aviation forecasts and
advisories; (In some cases, pilot reports of hazardous
conditions are the triggering mechanism for the
issuance of advisories.)
18.4.5 The NWS, other government organizations,
the military, and private industry groups use PIREPs
for research activities in the study of meteorological
phenomena.
18.4.6 All air traffic facilities and the NWS forward
the reports received from pilots into the weather
distribution system to assure the information is made
available to all pilots and other interested parties.
18.5 The FAA, NWS, and other organizations that
enter PIREPs into the weather reporting system use
the format listed in TBL GEN 3.5-6, PIREP Element
Code Chart. Items 1 through 6 are included in all
transmitted PIREPs along with one or more of items
7 through 13. Although the PIREP should be as
complete and concise as possible, pilots should not be
overly concerned with strict format or phraseology.
The important thing is that the information is relayed
so other pilots may benefit from your observation. If
a portion of the report needs clarification, the ground
station will request the information.
18.6 Completed PIREPs will be transmitted to
weather circuits as in the following examples:
EXAMPLEKCMH
UA/OV APE 230010/TM 1516/FL085/TP
BE20/SK BKN065/WX FV03SM HZ FU/TA 20/TB LGT.
Translation: one zero miles southwest of Appleton VOR;
time 1516 UTC; altitude eight thousand five hundred;
aircraft type BE20; base of the broken cloud layer is six
thousand five hundred; flight visibility 3 miles with haze
and smoke; air temperature 20 degrees Celsius; light
turbulence.
EXAMPLEKCRW
UA/OV KBKW 360015-KCRW/TM 1815/
FL120/TP BE99/SK IMC/WX RA-/TA M08/WV
290030/TB LGT-MDT/IC LGT RIME/RM MDT MXD
ICG DURC KROA NWBND FL080-100 1750Z.
Translation: from 15 miles north of Beckley VOR to
CharlestonVOR; time 1815 UTC; altitude 12,000 feet;
type aircraft, BE-99; in clouds; rain; temperature
minus8Celsius; wind 290 degrees magnetic at 30 knots;
light to moderate turbulence; light rime icing during climb
northwestbound from Roanoke, VA, between 8,000 and
10,000 feet at 1750UTC.
30 AUG 07
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.5-36
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
TBL GEN 3.5-6
PIREP Element Code Chart
PIREP ELEMENT PIREP CODE CONTENTS
1. 3-letter station identifier XXX Nearest weather reporting location to the reported phenomenon
2. Report type UA or UUA Routine or urgent PIREP
3. Location /OV In relation to a VOR
4. Time /TM Coordinated Universal Time
5. Altitude /FL Essential for turbulence and icing reports
6. Type aircraft /TP Essential for turbulence and icing reports
7. Sky cover /SK Cloud height and coverage (sky clear, few, scattered, broken, or
overcast)
8. Weather /WX Flight visibility, precipitation, restrictions to visibility, etc.
9. Temperature /TA Degrees Celsius
10. Wind /WV Direction in degrees magnetic north and speed in knots
11. Turbulence /TB See paragraph 22
12. Icing /IC See paragraph 20
13. Remarks /RM For reporting elements not included or to clarify previously
reported items
30 AUG 07
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.5-37
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
19. Mandatory MET Points
19.1 Within the ICAO CAR/SAM Regions and
within the U.S. area of responsibility, several
mandatory MET reporting points have been
established. These points are located within the
Houston, Miami, and San Juan Flight Information
Regions (FIR). These points have been established
for flights between the South American and
Caribbean Regions and Europe, Canada and the U.S.
19.2 Mandatory MET Reporting Points Within the Houston FIR
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