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controlling facility and flash the landing light. While in
flight, helicopters should show their acknowledgment of
receiving a transmission by making shallow banks in
opposite directions. At night, helicopters will acknowledge
receipt of transmissions by flashing either the landing or
the search light.
c)Transmitter and Receiver Inoperative.
Remain outside or above Class D airspace until the
direction and flow of traffic has been determined,
then join the airport traffic pattern and maintain
visual contact with tower to receive light signals.
4.5.7.2Departing Aircraft.If you experience
radio failure prior to leaving the parking area, make
every effort to have the equipment repaired. If you are
unable to have the malfunction repaired, call the
tower by telephone and request authorization to
depart without two−way radio communications. If
tower authorization is granted, you will be given
departure information and requested to monitor the
tower frequency or watch for light signals, as
appropriate. During daylight hours, acknowledge
tower transmissions or light signals by moving the
ailerons or rudder. At night, acknowledge by blinking
the landing or navigation lights. If radio malfunction
occurs after departing the parking area, watch the
tower for light signals or monitor tower frequency.
4.5.8Contact Procedures
4.5.8.1Initial Contact
a)The terms initial contact" or initial call up"
mean the first radio call you make to a given facility,
or the first call to a different controller/FSS specialist
within a facility. Use the following format:
1)Name of facility being called.
2)Your full aircraft identification as filed in the
flight plan or as discussed under aircraft call signs.
3)When operating on an airport surface, state
your position.
4)The type of message to follow or your request
if it is short; and
5)The word Over," if required.
EXAMPLE−
1.New York Radio, Mooney Three One One Echo."
2.Columbia Ground, Cessna Three One Six Zero
Foxtrot, south ramp, I−F−R Memphis."
3.Miami Center, Baron Five Six Three Hotel, request
VFR traffic advisories."
b)Many FSSs are equipped with remote communications
outlets and can transmit on the same
frequency at more than one location. The frequencies
available at specific locations are indicated on charts
above FSS communications boxes. To enable the
specialist to utilize the correct transmitter, advise the
location and frequency on which you expect a reply.
EXAMPLE−
St. Louis FSS can transmit on frequency 122.3 at either
Farmington, MO, or Decatur, IL. If you are in the vicinity
of Decatur, your callup should be Saint Louis radio, Piper
Six Niner Six Yankee, receiving Decatur One Two Two
Point Three."
c)If radio reception is reasonably assured,
inclusion of your request, your position or altitude,
the phrase Have numbers" or Information Charlie
received" (for ATIS) in the initial contact helps
decrease radio frequency congestion. Use discretion
and do not overload the controller with information
he/she does not need. When you do not get a response
from the ground station, recheck your radios or use
another transmitter and keep the next contact short.
EXAMPLE−
Atlanta Center, Duke Four One Romeo, request VFR
traffic advisories, Twenty Northwest Rome, Seven
Thousand Five Hundred, over."
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.4−12
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
4.5.9Initial Contact when your Transmitting and
Receiving Frequencies are Different
4.5.9.1If you are attempting to establish contact
with a ground station and you are receiving on a
different frequency than that transmitted, indicate the
VOR name or the frequency on which you expect a
reply. Most FSSs and control facilities can transmit
on several VOR stations in the area. Use the
appropriate FSS call sign as indicated on charts.
EXAMPLE−
New York FSS transmits on the Kennedy, Deer Park and
Calverton VORTACs. If you are in the Calverton area, your
callup should be New York Radio, Cessna Three One Six
Zero Foxtrot, receiving Riverhead VOR, over."
4.5.9.2If the chart indicates FSS frequencies above
the VORTAC or in FSS communications boxes,
transmit or receive on those frequencies nearest your
location.
4.5.9.3When unable to establish contact and you
wish to call any ground station, use the phrase any
radio (tower) (station), give Cessna Three One Six
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