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radar-derived information, such as aircraft range from the
radar site.
8.7.4.4 The following wake turbulence radar separation
minima shall be applied to aircraft in the approach and departure
phases of flight in the circumstances given in 8.7.4.4.1.
Note.— The provisions governing wake turbulence aircraft
categorization are set forth in Chapter 4, Section 4.9.
8.7.4.4.1 The minima set out in 8.7.4.4 shall be applied
when:
Aircraft category
Preceding
aircraft
Succeeding
aircraft
Wake turbulence radar
separation minima
HEAVY HEAVY 7.4 km (4.0 NM)
MEDIUM 9.3 km (5.0 NM)
LIGHT 11.1 km (6.0 NM)
MEDIUM LIGHT 9.3 km (5.0 NM)
8-12 Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM)
1/11/01
a) an aircraft is operating directly behind another aircraft
at the same altitude or less than 300 m (1 000 ft)
below; or
b) both aircraft are using the same runway, or parallel
runways separated by less than 760 m; or
c) an aircraft is crossing behind another aircraft, at the
same altitude or less than 300 m (1 000 ft) below.
Note.— See Figures 8-1A and 8-1B.
8.7.5 Transfer of radar control
8.7.5.1 Transfer of radar control should be effected
whenever practicable so as to enable the uninterrupted
provision of radar service.
8.7.5.2 Where SSR is used and the radar system provides
for the display of radar position indications with associated
radar labels, transfer of radar control of aircraft between
adjacent control positions or between adjacent ATC units may
be effected without prior coordination, provided that:
a) updated flight plan information on the aircraft about to
be transferred, including the discrete assigned SSR
Code, is provided to the accepting controller prior to
transfer;
b) radar coverage provided to the accepting controller is
such that the aircraft concerned is presented on the
radar display before the transfer is effected and is
identified on, but preferably before, receipt of the
initial call;
c) when the controllers are not physically adjacent, twoway
direct speech facilities, which permit communications
to be established instantaneously, are available
between them at all times;
Note.— “Instantaneous” refers to communications
which effectively provide for immediate access
between controllers.
d) the transfer point or points and all other conditions of
application, such as direction of flight, specified levels,
transfer of communication points, and especially an
agreed minimum separation between aircraft, including
that applicable to succeeding aircraft on the same route,
about to be transferred as observed on the display, have
been made the subject of specific instructions (for intraunit
transfer) or of a specific letter of agreement
between two adjacent ATC units;
e) the instructions or letter of agreement specify
explicitly that the application of this type of transfer of
radar control may be terminated at any time by the
accepting controller, normally with an agreed advance
notice;
f) the accepting controller is kept currently informed of
any level, speed or vectoring instructions given to the
aircraft prior to its transfer and which modify its
anticipated flight progress at the point of transfer.
8.7.5.3 The minimum agreed separation between aircraft
about to be transferred (8.7.5.2 d) refers) and the advance
notice (8.7.5.2 e) refers) shall be determined taking into
account all relevant technical, operational and other circumstances.
If circumstances arise in which these agreed
conditions can no longer be satisfied, controllers shall revert to
the procedure in 8.7.5.4 until the situation is resolved.
8.7.5.4 Where primary radar is being used, and where
SSR is employed but the provisions of 8.7.5.2 are not applied,
the transfer of radar control of aircraft between adjacent
control positions or between two adjacent ATS units may be
effected, provided that:
a) radar identification has been transferred to or has been
established directly by the accepting radar controller;
b) when the radar controllers are not physically adjacent,
two-way direct-speech facilities between them are at
all times available which permit communications to
be established instantaneously;
c) radar separation from other radar-controlled flights
conforms to the minima authorized for use during
transfer of radar control between the radar sectors or
units concerned;
d) the accepting radar controller is informed of any level,
speed or vectoring instructions applicable to the
aircraft at the point of transfer;
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