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to reduce ground effect turbulence or provide clearance
for cargo slingloads.
Air-to-ground communication. One-way communication from
aircraft to stations or locations on the surface of the earth.
Air traffic. All aircraft in flight or operating on the
manoeuvring area of an aerodrome.
Air traffic advisory service. A service provided within
advisory airspace to ensure separation, in so far as
practical, between aircraft which are operating on IFR
flight plans.
Air traffic control clearance. Authorization for an aircraft to
proceed under conditions specified by an air traffic control
unit.
Note 1.— For convenience, the term “air traffic
control clearance” is frequently abbreviated to “clearance”
when used in appropriate contexts.
Note 2.— The abbreviated term “clearance” may be
prefixed by the words “taxi”, “take-off”, “departure”,
“en-route”, “approach” or “landing” to indicate the
particular portion of flight to which the air traffic control
clearance relates.
Air traffic control instruction. Directives issued by air traffic
control for the purpose of requiring a pilot to take a
specific action.
Air traffic control service. A service provided for the purpose
of:
a) preventing collisions:
1) between aircraft, and
2) on the manoeuvring area between aircraft and
obstructions; and
b) expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air
traffic.
Air traffic control unit. A generic term meaning variously,
area control centre, approach control unit or aerodrome
control tower.
Air traffic flow management (ATFM). A service established
with the objective of contributing to a safe, orderly and
expeditious flow of air traffic by ensuring that ATC
capacity is utilized to the maximum extent possible, and
that the traffic volume is compatible with the capacities
declared by the appropriate ATS authority.
Air traffic management. The aggregation of the airborne
functions and ground-based functions (air traffic services,
airspace management and air traffic flow management)
required to ensure the safe and efficient movement of
aircraft during all phases of operations.
Air traffic service (ATS). A generic term meaning variously,
flight information service, alerting service, air traffic
advisory service, air traffic control service (area control
service, approach control service or aerodrome control
service).
Air traffic services airspaces. Airspaces of defined
dimensions, alphabetically designated, within which
specific types of flights may operate and for which air
traffic services and rules of operation are specified.
Note.— ATS airspaces are classified as Class A to G
as shown in Annex 11, Appendix 4.
Air traffic services reporting office. A unit established for the
purpose of receiving reports concerning air traffic services
and flight plans submitted before departure.
Note.— An air traffic services reporting office may be
established as a separate unit or combined with an
existing unit, such as another air traffic services unit, or a
unit of the aeronautical information service.
Air traffic services unit. A generic term meaning variously, air
traffic control unit, flight information centre or air traffic
services reporting office.
Airway. A control area or portion thereof established in the
form of a corridor.
ALERFA. The code word used to designate an alert phase.
Alerting service. A service provided to notify appropriate
organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and
rescue aid, and assist such organizations as required.
1-4 Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM)
1/11/01
Alert phase. A situation wherein apprehension exists as to the
safety of an aircraft and its occupants.
Allocation, allocate. Distribution of frequencies, SSR Codes,
etc. to a State, unit or service. Distribution of 24-bit
aircraft addresses to a State or common mark registering
authority.
Alphanumeric characters (alphanumerics). A collective term
for letters and figures (digits).
Alternate aerodrome. An aerodrome to which an aircraft may
proceed when it becomes either impossible or inadvisable
to proceed to or to land at the aerodrome of intended
landing. Alternate aerodromes include the following:
Take-off alternate. An alternate aerodrome at which an
aircraft can land should this become necessary shortly
after take-off and it is not possible to use the
aerodrome of departure.
En-route alternate. An aerodrome at which an aircraft
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