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Example.— RNP 4 represents a navigation accuracy of
plus or minus 7.4 km (4 NM) on a 95 per cent containment
basis.
Runway. A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome
prepared for the landing and take-off of aircraft.
Runway-holding position. A designated position intended to
protect a runway, an obstacle limitation surface, or an
ILS/MLS critical/sensitive area at which taxiing aircraft
Chapter 1. Definitions 1-11
1/11/01
and vehicles shall stop and hold, unless otherwise
authorized by the aerodrome control tower.
Runway visual range (RVR). The range over which the pilot
of an aircraft on the centre line of a runway can see the
runway surface markings or the lights delineating the
runway or identifying its centre line.
Secondary radar. A radar system wherein a radio signal
transmitted from the radar station initiates the transmission
of a radio signal from another station.
Secondary surveillance radar (SSR). A surveillance radar
system which uses transmitters/receivers (interrogators)
and transponders.
Segregated parallel operations. Simultaneous operations on
parallel or near-parallel instrument runways in which one
runway is used exclusively for approaches and the other
runway is used exclusively for departures.
Sending unit/controller. Air traffic services unit/air traffic
controller transmitting a message.
Note.— See definition of “receiving unit/controller”.
Shoreline. A line following the general contour of the shore,
except that in cases of inlets or bays less than 30 nautical
miles in width, the line shall pass directly across the inlet
or bay to intersect the general contour on the opposite side.
SIGMET information. Information issued by a meteorological
watch office concerning the occurrence or expected occurrence
of specified en-route weather phenomena which may
affect the safety of aircraft operations.
Signal area. An area on an aerodrome used for the display of
ground signals.
Significant point. A specified geographical location used in
defining an ATS route or the flight path of an aircraft and
for other navigation and ATS purposes.
Slush. Water-saturated snow which with a heel-and-toe slapdown
motion against the ground will be displaced with a
splatter; specific gravity: 0.5 up to 0.8.
Note.— Combinations of ice, snow and/or standing
water may, especially when rain, rain and snow, or snow
is falling, produce substances with specific gravities in
excess of 0.8. These substances, due to their high water/ice
content, will have a transparent rather than a cloudy
appearance and, at the higher specific gravities, will be
readily distinguishable from slush.
Snow (on the ground).
a) Dry snow. Snow which can be blown if loose or, if
compacted by hand, will fall apart upon release;
specific gravity: up to but not including 0.35.
b) Wet snow. Snow which, if compacted by hand, will
stick together and tend to or form a snowball; specific
gravity: 0.35 up to but not including 0.5.
c) Compacted snow. Snow which has been compressed
into a solid mass that resists further compression and
will hold together or break up into lumps if picked up;
specific gravity: 0.5 and over.
Special VFR flight. A VFR flight cleared by air traffic control
to operate within a control zone in meteorological
conditions below VMC.
SSR response. The visual indication, in non-symbolic form,
on a radar display, of a response from an SSR transponder
in reply to an interrogation.
Standard instrument arrival (STAR). A designated instrument
flight rule (IFR) arrival route linking a significant point,
normally on an ATS route, with a point from which a
published instrument approach procedure can be
commenced.
Standard instrument departure (SID). A designated
instrument flight rule (IFR) departure route linking the
aerodrome or a specified runway of the aerodrome with a
specified significant point, normally on a designated ATS
route, at which the en-route phase of a flight commences.
Stopway. A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end
of take-off run available prepared as a suitable area in
which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an
abandoned take-off.
Surveillance radar. Radar equipment used to determine the
position of an aircraft in range and azimuth.
Taxiing. Movement of an aircraft on the surface of an
aerodrome under its own power, excluding take-off and
landing.
Taxiway. A defined path on a land aerodrome established for
the taxiing of aircraft and intended to provide a link
between one part of the aerodrome and another, including:
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