Glossary of terms and Abbreviations
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AIRBUS INDUSTRIE Getting to Grips with
Flight Operations Support Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
Definition
TAWS Terrain Awareness and Warning System TAWS is the term used by the European JAA and the U.S. FAA to describe equipment meeting ICAO standards and recommendations for ground-proximity warning system (GPWS) equipment that provides predictive terrain-hazard warnings Enhanced-GPWS ( EGPWS ) and ground collision avoidance system ( ACAS ) are other terms used to describe TAWS equipment
Traffic Collision Avoidance System ( see also ACAS )
TDWR Terminal Doppler Weather Radar Weather radar capable of detecting areas of wind shear activity
Touch Down Zone
TDZE Touch Down Zone Elevation
U.S. Standard for Terminal Instrument Approach Procedures ( FAR - Part 97 )
TO WPT Waypoint of the F-PLN flight plan considered by the FMS for immediate lateral navigation guidance ( in case of incorrect flight plan sequencing, the TO WPT may happen to be behind the aircraft )
Top Of Descent
Transition A mode transition is a manual or automatic changeover from one AP mode to another mode, resulting from: - a pilot action ( e.g., the selection of a new mode on the FCU, as appropriate for the task or following an ATC instruction ); or, - an automatic mode sequencing resulting from a prior mode selection involving several mode changes in sequence ( e.g., altitude capture changeover to altitude hold or selected heading changeover to localizer capture then to localizer tracking )
Final Approach Speed
V MCL Minimum control speed in landing configuration with the critical engine inoperative
Glossary of terms and Abbreviations
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AIRBUS INDUSTRIE Getting to Grips with
Flight Operations Support Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
Definition
Reference approach speed ( also referred to as threshold reference speed or target threshold speed )
V stall Stalling speed ( in a specified configuration )
Vertical speed or AP Vertical Speed mode
VASI Visual Approach Indicator
Visual Descent / Decision Point
Vertical Navigation FMS-managed vertical navigation
Visual Flying Rules
VHF Very High Frequency
Visual Meteorological Conditions
VOR VHF Omni Range
- Collocated VOR and DME navaids
WAAS GPS Wide Area [accuracy] Augmentation System
World Meteorological Organization
Glossary of terms and Abbreviations
Page 13
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE Getting to Grips with
Flight Operations Support Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE Getting to Grips with
Flight Operations Support Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
Introduction Statistical Data
Strict adherence to suitable standard operating procedures (SOPs) and normal checklists is an effective method to prevent approach-and-landing accidents, including those involving CFIT.
Without strict adherence to SOPs, the implementation of good crew resources management (CRM) practices is not possible.
This Briefing Note provides an overview of the following aspects:
.
Establishment and use of (SOPs);
.
Training aspects; and,
.
Factors and conditions that may affect the compliance with published rules and procedures.
% of Events
Omission of action or inappropriate action 72 %
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