.
Adjust the pitch attitude as the vertical speed decreases towards zero;
.
Maintain a slightly positive vertical speed until airspeed decreases to the boundary of the stick-shaker (intermittent stick shaker activation); then,
.
Maintain the airspeed slightly above the stick shaker boundary, allowing an altitude loss as long as required for maintaining the stick-shaker speed.
The wind shear guidance is available at takeoff, in approach and during a go-around, when below 1000 ft RA.
The pitch attitude demand is limited by the stall protection during all the phases of the above survival strategy.
If the FD windshear guidance is not available (e.g., FD not available) a similar recovery technique is recommended and published in the applicable FCOM.
Reactive and Predictive Wind Shear Warnings
In addition to the FD wind-shear-survival guidance, an optional WINDSHEAR warning is available on most aircraft models.
The wind shear warning and the FD survival guidance are activated only when a wind shear condition is detected based on the assessment of aircraft performance (flight parameters and accelerations).
The wind shear warning and guidance therefore are called Reactive Wind Shear Systems, because they do not incorporate any forward looking and anticipation capability.
To complement the reactive wind shear systems and provide an early warning of wind shear activity, the last generation of weather radars features the capability to detect wind shear areas ahead of the aircraft.
This new equipment is referred to as a Predictive Wind Shear System.
Predictive wind shear systems provide typically a one-minute advance warning.
Predictive wind shear systems generate three levels of wind shear alert:
.
Advisory alert voice messages;
.
Amber caution (W/S AHEAD); or,
.
Red warning (W/S AHEAD).
Colored patterns and icons are displayed on the weather radar display (ND) to indicate areas of windshear activity.
Wind Shear Awareness
Page 3
Wind Shear Awareness
The following are opportunities to enhance:
.
Wind shear awareness; and,
.
Operational recommendations and procedures.
Standard Operating Procedures
Standard operating procedures (SOPs) should emphasize the following wind-shear-awareness items:
. Wind shear awareness and avoidance :
. Takeoff / departure and approach / go-around briefings; and,
. Approach hazards awareness.
. Wind shear recognition:
. Task sharing for effective cross-check and back-up, particularly for excessive parameter-deviations;
. Energy management during approach; and,
. Elements of a stabilized approach and approach gates.
. Wind shear survival / escape procedure:
. Readiness and commitment to respond to a reactive or predictive wind shear advisory or warning, as available (wind shear survival / escape).
Training
A wind shear awareness program should be developed and implemented, based on the contents of:
.
The industry-developed Wind Shear Education and Training Aid; and,
.
The Flight Safety Foundation-developed Windshear Training Package.
The wind shear survival / escape procedure should be trained in a full-flight simulator, using realistic wind shear profiles recorded during actual wind shear encounters (as illustrated by Figure 1).
Figure 1
Wind Shear Profile - Typical
Cockpit Preparation – Departure Briefing
Flight crew should consider all available wind shear-awareness-items and:
. Assess the conditions for a safe takeoff based on:
. Most recent weather reports and forecast;
. Visual observations; and,
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