( Typical Profiles )
Getting to Grips with Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
Response to GPWS/TAWS – Pull-Up Maneuver Training
Page 5
QIT 115.3
VOR-DME
QMS 115.0
VOR-DME
D 16.0 QIT
. 13,780 ft D 16.0 QMS
Pull-up initiated Projected impact 13,200 ft
16,408 ft Climbing to 17,000 ft
.
ILS approach RWY 35 - Night time - IMC - Rain
.
QMS VOR-DME ( 115.0 ) tuned instead of QIT ( 115.3 )
.
Procedure turn flown with reference to QMS, hence 12 NM further south
.
Crew alerted by 2500-ft radio-altimeter light
.
Crew responded to GPWS MK II warning: Terrain - Terrain - Pull up ! Pull up !
.
GPWS warning remained activated during 40 seconds
.
High terrain was avoided by only 150 ft RA
Figure 1
CFIT – An Encounter Avoided
Quito – Equador – March 92
Drawing adapted from “ Flight Into Terrain And the Ground Proximity Warning System “ by Don Bateman
Response to GPWS/TAWS – Pull-Up Maneuver Training
Page 6
200 kt Terrain along track 4000 ft/mn
Terrain if full procedure turn to right
17 degree pitch Maximum thrust Flight path
MK II GPWS warning 16 DME QMS
Terrain-Terrain ( 28 DME QIT )
Pull up ! Pull up !
150 Radial QMS ( outbound )
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Distance from RWY 35 - NM
Figure 2 CFIT – An Encounter Avoided
Quito – Equador – March 92
Crew response to RA Alert Light and GPWS Warning
Altitude ( ft MSL ) 17 000 16 000
15 000 14 000 13 000 12 000 11 000 10 000
Drawing adapted from “ Flight Into Terrain And the Ground Proximity Warning System “ by Don Bateman
Response to GPWS/TAWS – Pull-Up Maneuver Training
Page 7
￠. “ WHOOP WHOOP PULL UP “
Simultaneously :
. PITCH ATTITUDE .................... AT LEAST 20° NOSE UP
Use stick shaker boundary as upper limit
. THROTTLES ........................................ FULL FORWARD
. A/THR ....................................................... DISCONNECT
. AUTOPILOT .............................................. DISCONNECT
. BANK ........................................................ WINGS LEVEL
. SPEEDBRAKES ............................ CHECK RETRACTED
. When flight path is safe and GPWS warning has ceased :
°. Decrease pitch attitude and accelerate
. When speed above V LS ( as applicable ) and V/S positive :
°. Clean up aircraft as required
Figure 3
Response to GPWS Warning – Conventional Aircraft Models
￠. “ WHOOP WHOOP PULL UP “ - “ TERRAIN TERRAIN WHOOP WHOOP PULL UP “
Simultaneously :
. AP ........................................................................... OFF . PITCH .............................................................. PULL UP Pull up to full back stick and maintain . THRUST LEVERS................................................. TOGA 中国航空网 www.aero.cn 航空翻译 www.aviation.cn 本文链接地址：Getting to Grips with Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reducti(123)
