.
Closely monitor the airspeed, speed trend and flight path angle (if flight path vector is available and displayed for the PNF); and,
.
When out of the wind shear condition, increase the airspeed when a positive climb is confirmed then establish a normal climb profile.
Getting to Grips with Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
Factors Affecting Wind Shear Awareness
The following factors may affect the wind shear awareness and avoidance or the survival capability.
Prevention strategies and lines-of-defense should be developed to address these adverse factors (as possible and practical):
.
Aircraft equipment:
. absence of reactive and/or predictive wind shear system(s).
.
Airport equipment:
. Absence of a low level wind shear alert system (LLWAS) detection and warning system; and/or,
. Absence of a terminal Doppler radar system (TDRS).
. Training :
. Absence of wind shear awareness program; and/or,
. Absence of simulator training for wind shear recovery.
.
Standard operating procedures: . Inadequate briefings; . Inadequate monitoring of flight progress;
and/or, . Incorrect use of or interaction with automation.
.
Human Factors and CRM: . Absence of crosscheck (for excessive
parameter-deviations); . Inadequate back-up (callouts); and/or, . Fatigue.
Wind Shear Awareness
Page 7
Summary of Key Points
The following key points and recommendations should be considered in the development of company strategies and initiatives enhancing wind shear awareness.
Keypoints are grouped into the three domains associated with wind shear awareness; Avoidance, Recognition and Recovery / Escape.
. Avoidance
. Assess the conditions for a safe takeoff or approach-and-landing, based on all the available meteorological data, visual observations and on-board equipment;
. Delay the takeoff or the approach, or divert to a more suitable airport; and,
. Be prepared and committed for an immediate response to a predictive wind shear advisory/caution/warning or to a reactive wind shear warning.
. Recognition
. Be alert to recognize a potential or existing wind shear condition, based on all the available weather data, on-board equipment and on the monitoring of the aircraft flight parameters and flight path; and,
. Enhance instruments scan, whenever potential wind shear is suspected.
. Recovery / Escape
. Avoid large thrust variations or trim changes in response to sudden airspeed variations;
. Follow the FD wind shear recovery/escape pitch-guidance or apply the recommended FCOM recovery/escape procedure; and,
. Make maximum use of aircraft equipment, such as the flight path vector (as available).
Associated Briefing Notes
The following Briefing Notes provide expanded information on related subjects:
.
1.1 – Operating Philosophy – SOPs,
.
1.2 – Optimum Use of Automation,
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