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aircraft’s system of maintenance;
an inspection and test in accordance with the approved data; or
B. in any other case—before the start of each day’s flying, and after each
refuelling, with the aircraft standing on a reasonably level surface, drain a
small quantity of fuel from each fuel tank into a clear transparent
container and check by an approved method for the presence of water.
• On such aircraft types which may be specified by CASA, extend the foregoing
inspection to fuel system filters and collector boxes. It is recommended that all
aircraft fuel system filters and collector boxes be checked for water contamination at
frequent intervals.
Note: It is important that checks for water contamination of fuel drainage samples
be positive in nature and do not rely solely on sensory perceptions of colour
and smell, both of which can be highly deceptive.
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The following methods are acceptable:
1. Place a small quantity of fuel into the container before taking samples from tank or
filter drain points. The presence of water will then be revealed by a visible surface
of demarcation between the two fluids in the container.
2. Check the drainage samples by chemical means such as water detecting paper or
paste, where a change in colour of the detecting medium will give clear indication
of the presence of water.
3. In the case of turbine fuel samples, tests should also include inspection for
persistent cloudiness or other evidence of the presence of suspended water
droplets, which will not necessarily be detected by methods mentioned in notes 1
and 2. Should any doubt exist of the suitability of the fuel, the checks specified in
the aircraft Operators Maintenance Manual should be followed. It is advisable to
allow turbine fuel a reasonable period of stagnation before drawing test samples
from fuel drain points; this allows settling of suspended water which is a slower
process in turbine fuel than in aviation gasoline.
The paragraph above does not apply to helicopters that are being hot refuelled in
accordance with section 20.10.
If, at any time, a significant quantity of water is found to be present in an aircraft fuel
system, the operator and pilot in command shall ensure that all traces of it are
removed from the fuel system, including the fuel filters, before further flight.
Note: In eliminating water from an aircraft fuel system, it is important that
consideration be given to the possibility of water lying in portions of the tanks
or fuel lines where, because of the design of the system or the existing
attitude of the aircraft, it is not immediately accessible to a drain point.
The operator and pilot in command shall ensure that, before the commencement
of each day’s flying, all external fuel tank vents are inspected for freedom from
obstruction.
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Daily Inspection
An inspection (in this Part called a daily inspection) must be carried out on the aircraft
before the aircraft’s first flight on each day on which the aircraft is flown.
A daily inspection must consist of the making of such of the checks set out in the
table at the end of this Part as are applicable to the aircraft.
TABLE OF CHECKS INCLUDED IN A DAILY INSPECTION
(1) Check that the ignition switches are off, the mixture control is lean or cut
off, the throttle is closed and the fuel selector is on.
(2) Check that the propeller blades are free from cracks, bends and detrimental
nicks, that the propeller spinner is secure and free from cracks, that there is
no evidence of oil or grease leakage from the propeller hub or actuating
cylinder and that the propeller hub, where visible, has no evidence of any
defect which would prevent safe operation.
(3) Check that the induction system and all cooling air inlets are free from
obstruction.
(4) Check that the engine, where visible, has no fuel or oil leaks and that the
exhaust system is secure and free from cracks.
(5) Check that the oil quantity is within the limits specified by the manufacturer
for safe operation and that the oil filler cap, dipstick and inspection panels
are secure.
(6) Check that the engine cowlings and cowl flaps are secure.
(7) Check that the landing gear tyres are free from cuts or other damage, have
no plies exposed and, by visual inspection, are adequately inflated.
(8) Check that the landing gear oleo extensions are within normal static limits
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VFR Flight Guide(142)
