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1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
0700
0300
2000
0500
0400
0300
0200
0100
0000
1700
1600
1400
1200
1300 1100
1500
1900
1800
0500
0630
0530
0430
0330
0230
0130
0030
0800
0900
0730
0830
0600
0700
Eastern Standard Time (EST) UTC + 10 hours
Central Standard Time (CST) UTC + 9 1/2 hours
Western Standard Time (WST) UTC + 8 hours
EST
WST
CST
0000
COORDINATED UNIVERSAL TIME
106
Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia
PRE-FLIGHT PLANNING PREPARATION
09/2001
2
TIME
SECTION
DAYLIGHT AND DARKNESS GRAPHS
“Night” is that period between the end of the evening civil twilight and the beginning
of the morning civil twilight.
To compute the beginning or end of daylight using the graphs contained in this
section:
• enter the top or bottom of the scale at the appropriate date;
• move vertically up or down to the curve for the latitude of the place concerned
(interpolating for intermediate latitudes if necessary);
• move horizontally to the left or to the right and read local mean time on the vertical
scale at the side;
• to convert to UTC, subtract (in E longitudes) from the LMT obtained, the time
increment corresponding to the longitude of the place concerned in the “Conversion
of Arc to Time” table.
• To convert to EST, add 10 hours to UTC;
• To convert to CST, add 9.5 hours to UTC;
• To convert to WST, add 8 hours to UTC.
Example: To determine the end of daylight at Echuca (S36 09.0 E144 46.0) on 20th
November. Using the graph, enter at 20th November at the top of the page
and follow downwards to latitude 36° (by interpolation), then horizontally
to the left and read off LMT = 1919. To convert to UTC, enter the
“Conversion of Arc to Time” table, at longitude 144° (9 hours 36 minutes).
Add the increment corresponding to 46’ in the right hand column
= 3’04’ + 0936 = 0939
Subtract this from the LMT found: 1919- 0939 = 0940UTC. To find EST
add 10 hours to UTC = 1940EST. Users of these graphs should note that the
parameters used in compiling the Daylight and Darkness Graphs do not
include the nature of the terrain surrounding a location, or the presence of
other than a cloudless sky and unlimited visibility at that location.
Consequently, the presence of cloud cover, poor visibility or high terrain
to the west of an aerodrome will cause daylight to end at a time earlier than
that extracted from the appropriate graph. Allowance should be made for
these factors when planning a flight having an ETA near the end of
daylight.
NAIPS automatically computes first light and last light. This information can be
provided through pilot access, as part of a telephone briefing, or from FLIGHTWATCH.
107
Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia
PRE-FLIGHT PLANNING PREPARATION
09/2001
2
GRAPHS
SECTION
LOCAL TIME
Local Time in Australia falls into three separate zones:
• EST is used in the States of New South Wales (except the Broken Hill Area),
Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory.
• CST is used in the State of South Australia, the Northern Territory and the Broken
Hill area; and
• WST is used in the Sate of Western Australia.
However, certain States introduce local Summer Time each year between October of
that year and March of the succeeding year, which adds an additional hour to the local
time applicable in that State.
NOTAM or AIP Supplements will be issued detailing revised hours of operation for
those aeronautical facilities affected by local time changes during periods of States
Summer Time and which do not have such hours promulgated in AIP.
108
Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia
PRE-FLIGHT PLANNING PREPARATION
09/2001
2
DAYLIGHT AND DARKNESS
SECTION
0700
0710
0650
0640
0630
0620
0610
0600
0550
0540
0530
0520
0510
1
APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER
10 20 30 10 20 31 10 20 30 10 20 31 10 20 31 10 20 30
LAT 45O
BEGINNING OF DAYLIGHT
10O
0O
20O
30O
35O
40O
0629
15 06 29
- 09 49
= 14 20 40
Location: Launceston
Date: 15th August
Lat/Long: S41 32.7
E147 12.9
WORKED EXAMPLE - BEGINNING OF DAYLIGHT
1. Enter at 15 August and follow downward until reaching latitude 41 32.7.
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