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of flight” includes ground operations at the aerodromes of depature and arrival, and
cruising levels that could be required for any emergency and/or abnormal operation
en route.
4. An Australian Communication Authority approved and licensed hand-held VHF radio
may be used by pilots of:
A. VFR PVT and AWK aeroplanes with a MTOW not exceeding:
(1) in the case of an aeroplane other than a seaplane-544KG;
(2) in the case of a seaplane with a single seat-579KG; and
(3) in the case of a seaplane with two seats 614KG and
B. gliders; and
C. balloons
5. Additionally, approved hand-held radios may be used by pilots of these aircraft
when operating OCTA. Pilots are responsible for ensuring that the equipment is able
to be operated without adversely affecting the safety of the aircraft. The location of
the antenna must be such that airframe shielding does not prevent two-way
communication with all aircraft operating within the MBZ/CTAF. Where the radio is
not connected to the aircraft primary power supply, there must be ready access to
back-up power.
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6. Planning Chart Australia (AUS PCA) shows the areas in which an aircraft, flying at
the altitudes indicated, could be expected to maintain continuous VHF
communications with ATS when.
7. RPT, CHTR and AWK aircraft are exempt from the requirements to carry HF radio
communication with ATS when:
A. VHF radio contact can be maintained with an appropriately trained
company representative able to communicate by telephone with ATS, and
B. the requirements of ENR 1.1 para 53.1 are satisfied.
8. Private aircraft without radio may be admitted to the CTRs for maintenance subject
to the approval of the appropriate ATC unit. Pilots must comply with any conditions
contained in the approval
TAKE-OFF AND LANDING OF AIRCRAFT ETC. (CAR 235)
1. CASA may, for the purposes of these Regulations, give directions setting out the
method of estimating, with respect to an aircraft at anytime:
• the weight of the aircraft, together with the weight of all persons and
goods (including fuel) on board the aircraft, at that time; and
• the centre of gravity of the aircraft at that time.
2. CASA may, for the purpose of ensuring the safety of air navigation, give directions
setting out the manner of determining, with respect to a proposed flight of an
aircraft:
• a maximum weight, being a weight less than the maximum take-off weight of the
aircraft; or
• a maximum weight, being a weight less than the maximum landing
weight of the aircraft;
that the gross weight of the aircraft at take-off or landing, as the case may be, is not
to exceed.
• A person must not contravene a direction under sub-regulation (1)
or (2).
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TAKE-OFF AND LANDING OF AIRCRAFT
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3. A manner of determining a maximum weight referred to in subregulation (2) shall
be such as to take into account such of the following considerations as CASA
considers appropriate:
• the type of aircraft;
• the kind of operations to be carried out during the flight;
• the performance of the aircraft in configurations in which it is likely to be
flown and with faults that are likely to occur;
• the meteorological conditions at the aerodrome at which the aircraft is to
take off or land;
• the altitude of the aerodrome at which that aircraft is to take off or land;
• the aerodrome dimensions in the direction in which the aircraft is to take
off or land;
• the material of which the surface of the aerodrome in the direction in
which the aircraft is to take off or land is constituted and the condition
and slope of that surface;
• the presence of obstacles in the vicinity of the flight path along which the
aircraft is to take off, approach or land;
• the anticipated meteorological conditions over the intended route to be
flown by the aircraft after take-off and over planned divergencies from
that route; and
• the altitude of the terrain along and on either side of the intended route
to be flown by the aircraft after take-off and of planned divergencies from
that route.
4. An aircraft shall not take off, or attempt to take off, if its gross weight exceeds its
maximum take-off weight or, if a lesser weight determined in accordance with a
direction under subregulation (2) is applicable to the take-off, that lesser weight.
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