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Tenerife, Spain LLWAS Site Visit Report
Larry Cornman
National Center for Atmospheric Research
Introduction
A site visit to the Tenerife Reina Sofia (Tenerife-Sur) Airport was conducted on
9-10 February, 2005. Three issues regarding the LLWAS system were to be addressed: (1)
Evaluate the sensor siting, (2) look into the over-alerting problem, and (3) hold
discussions with airport meteorological and air traffic staff. Each of these will be
discussed in detail the following sections.
Sensor Siting Evaluation
On 9 February, a visit was made to all of the LLWAS sites at the Tenerife-Sur
airport. Figure 1 shows the island of Tenerife, and the location of the Tenerife-Sur airport.
A brief discussion of each site will be given below, but as can be seen from Figure 2, the
overall the sensors are laid out in a close to optimal fashion. This network should provide
good wind shear protection for the runway and one nautical mile to either side. There is a
single runway, oriented 08/26. Due to the prevailing winds, the normal airport operations
are landing on runway 08 and take off on runway 26. On the larger-scale, the terrain is
gently sloping from North to South, and hence sites 1-5 are above the runway height and
sites 6-10 are below it. There are small terrain features (typically small ditches or terrain
depressions) in close proximity to many of the sites; however due to the sensor heights,
these should not present any problems in providing unbiased wind measurements. There
are some buildings in close proximity to the south of site number 10; however the tower
height for this site is adequate, and the prevailing winds (ENE) do not come from this
direction.
Figure 1. View of the island of Tenerife, indicating the Reina Sofia Airport in the South.
Figure 2. Aerial view of Tenerife-Sur, with approximate locations of the sensors and runway ends.
Sensor Site #1
This site is situated to the North-West of the West end of the runway, and
approximately 20 meters higher. There are a number of small ditches in close proximity
to Site 1, especially to the South-West. Since the tower is reasonably high (15m), the
terrain indentations should not pose any problems in making wind measurements. Figure
3 shows a view East-South-East from this site and Figure 4 is looking to the North. One
of the ditches can be seen on the left-hand side of this latter figure.
Figure 3. Looking East-South-East from Site 1.
Figure 4. Looking North from Site 1.
Sensor Site #2
Site 2 is reasonably unobstructed; it is to the North of the runway and
approximately 40 meters higher. There is small ditch to the North-East and small ridge to
the North. Part of the ditch can be seen in Figure 5 and Figure 6. The 15 m tower is high
enough, so that these terrain features should not pose any problems.
Figure 5. Looking South from Site 2.
Figure 6. Looking East from site 2.
Sensor Site #3
Site 3 is just to the East of the main road heading into the airport, and just to the
North of the main airport complex. This site is reasonably unobstructed, with small
bushes and small trees nearby. The tower is 25 meters tall, so there should be no problem
in getting accurate winds from this site. The location is approximately 60 meters above
the runway height. Figure 7 is a view looking South-South-East from the sensor location.
The control tower and the terminal building can be seen in the middle of the picture.
Figure 8 is a view looking West-South-West from the site. The lighting fixtures and
bushes and small trees along the airport road can be seen in this photo.
Figure 7. Looking South-South-East from Site 3.
Figure 8. Looking West-South-West from Site 3.
Sensor Site #4
Site 4 is an unobstructed site on a 15 meter tower, to the North of the runway. It is
approximately 60 meters above the runway height. There is a small ditch to the West of
the site, but it should not pose any problem in getting accurate wind measurements.
Figure 9 is a view looking South-South-East from this site, and Figure 10 is a view
looking to the North. The small ditch to the West of the site can be seen in the middle-left
of Figure 10.
Figure 9. View south-south-east from site 4.
Figure 10. Looking North from Site 4.
Sensor Site #5
Site 5 is to the North-East of the East end of the runway, at approximately 40
meters above the runway height. The tower is 20 meters tall. There are some agricultural
hot-houses in close proximity to the South-East, as can be seen in Figure 11. There is a
large ditch to the West of the site, as can be seen in Figure 14. Neither of these items
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