美国航行情报汇编 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION AIP 1(79)

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Air.report  The U.S. does not normally use the term “air.report.” Pilot weather reports (PIREPs), position, and operational reports are used. PIREPs include reports of strong frontal activity, squall lines, thunderstorms, light to severe icing, wind shear and turbulence (including clear air turbulence) of moderate or greater intensity, volcanic eruptions and volcanic ash clouds, and other conditions pertinent to flight safety. They may include information on ceilings, visibility, thunderstorms, icing of light degree or greater, wind shear and its effect on airspeed, or volcanic ash clouds, but do not usually include air temperature. 
Air.taxiing  In the U.S., the term “hover taxi” is sometimes used to indicate the ICAO term “air.taxiing.” In the U.S., air.taxiing is the preferred method for helicopter movements on airports provided ground operations/conditions permit. Additionally, in the U.S., air taxi is used to indicate certain commercial aircraft operations. For those operations, usually a special call sign is used, or the prefix “Tango” is added to the aircraft call sign. 
ALERFA  The U.S. does not use the code words ALERFA, DETRESFA, and INCERFA to designate an alert. 
Altitude  U.S. uses “Altitude” to mean indicated altitude mean sea level (MSL), flight level (FL), or both. 
Approval Request  U. S. uses “APREQ” 
Approved separation  U.S. uses “Approved separation” to mean separation in accordance with the applicable minima in this manual. 
Area control service  The U.S. does not use the term “area control service” to indicate controlled flight in controlled areas. 
ATS route  In U.S. domestic airspace, the term “ATS route” is not used. Routes in the U.S. include VOR airways, jet routes, substitute routes, off.airway routes, RNAV routes and colored airways. The U.S. also uses instrument departure procedures (DPs), and standard terminal arrivals (STARs). 
Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS)  The U.S. has not yet published ATS procedures for the use of Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS). 

Control zone  The U.S. uses “surface area” in place of the ICAO term “control zone.” Surface area is defined as the airspace contained by the lateral boundary of the Class B, C, D or E airspace designated for an airport that begins at the surface and extends upward. 
Controlled airspace  The U.S. uses the following definition of controlled airspace found in 14 CFR Section 1.1: “Controlled airspace means an airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service is provided to IFR flights and to VFR flights in accordance with the airspace classification.” 
Course, bearing, azimuth, heading, and wind direction  U.S. uses “Course, bearing, azimuth, heading, and wind direction” information and it shall always be magnetic unless specifically stated otherwise. 
Cruising level  The U.S. uses the term “cruising altitude.” 
Decision altitude  Approach with vertical guidance (VNAV). 
DETRESFA  See ALERFA. 
Expedite  U.S. uses “EXPEDITE” by ATC when prompt compliance is required to avoid the development of an imminent situation. Expedite climb/descent normally indicates to a pilot that the approximate best rate of climb/descent should be used without requiring an exceptional change in aircraft handling characteristics. 
Flight information centre  In the U.S., the services provided by flight information centers (FICs) are conducted by air traffic control (ATC) facilities, automated flight service stations (AFSSs), and rescue coordination centers (RCCs). 
Glide path  The U.S. uses “glideslope” rather than “glide path” although the terms are sometimes interchangeable. For the U.S., a glideslope provides vertical guidance for aircraft during approach and landing. 
Holding procedure  In the U.S., a hold procedure is also used during ground operations to keep aircraft within a specified area or at a specified point while awaiting further clearance from air traffic control. 
Holding point  The U.S. uses “holding fix” rather than “holding point.” 
INCERFA  See ALERFA. 
Kilometres  U.S. ATS units do not accept aircraft speeds in metric terms nor do they use the term “minimum clean speed.” The U.S. does use phrases such as “maintain maximum forward speed” or ”maintain slowest practical speed.” 
Level  The U.S. uses ”altitude” or “flight level” rather than “level.” 
May or need not  U.S. uses “May” or “need not” means a procedure is optional. 
　
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