美国航行情报汇编 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION AIP 1(107)

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6.5.1.5 Type of flight plan (not required in IFR position reports made directly to ARTCCs or approach control).
6.5.1.6 ETA and name of next reporting point.
6.5.1.7 The name only of the next succeeding reporting point along the route of flight.
6.5.1.8 Pertinent remarks.
7. Additional Reports
7.1 The following reports should be made to ATC or FSS facilities without a specific request:
7.1.1 At all times, report:
7.1.1.1 When vacating any previously assigned altitude/flight level for a newly assigned altitude/ flight level.
7.1.1.2 When an altitude change will be made if operating on a clearance specifying “VFR.on.top.”
7.1.1.3 When unable to climb/descend at a rate of at least 500 feet per minute.
7.1.1.4 When approach has been missed. (Request clearance for specific action; i.e., to alternative airport, another approach, etc.).
7.1.1.5 Change in the average true airspeed (at cruising altitude) when it varies by 5 percent or 10 knots (whichever is greater) from that filed in the flight plan.
7.1.1.6 The time and altitude/flight level reaching a holding fix or point to which cleared.
7.1.1.7 When leaving any assigned holding fix or point.
NOTE.
The reports in subparagraphs 7.1.1.6 and 7.1.1.7 may be omitted by pilots of aircraft involved in instrument training at military area facilities when radar service is being provided.
7.1.1.8 Any loss, in controlled airspace, of VOR, TACAN, ADF, low frequency navigation receiver capability, GPS anomalies while using installed IFR.certified GPS/GNSS receivers, complete or partial loss of ILS receiver capability or impairment of air/ground communications capability. Reports should include aircraft identification, equipment affected, degree to which the capability to operate under IFR in the ATC system is impaired, and the nature and extent of assistance desired from ATC.
NOTE.
When reporting GPS anomalies, include the location and altitude of the anomaly. Be specific when describing the location and include duration of the anomaly if necessary.

7.1.1.9 Any information relating to the safety of flight.
NOTE.
Other equipment installed in an aircraft may effectively impair safety and/or the ability to operate under IFR. If such equipment; e.g., airborne weather radar, malfunc-tions and in the pilot’s judgment either safety or IFR capabilities are affected, reports should be made as above.
7.2 When not in radar contact, report:
7.2.1 When leaving the final approach fix inbound on final approach (nonprecision approach) or when leaving the outer marker or fix used in lieu of the outer marker inbound on final approach (precision approach); or
7.2.2 A corrected estimate at any time it becomes apparent that an estimate as previously submitted is in error in excess of 3 minutes. For flights in the North Atlantic (NAT), a revised estimate is required if the error is 3 minutes or more.
7.3
Pilots encountering weather conditions which have not been forecast, or hazardous conditions which have been forecast, are expected to forward a report of such weather to ATC.

8.
Quota Flow Control

8.1 Quota Flow Control is designed to balance the ATC system demand with system capacity.
8.2 ARTCCs will hold the optimum number of aircraft that their primary and secondary holding fixes will safely accommodate without imposing undue limitations on the control of other traffic operating within the ARTCC’s airspace. This is based on the user’s requirement to continue operating to a terminal regardless of the acceptance rate at that terminal. When staffing, equipment, or severe weather will inhibit the number of aircraft the arrival ARTCC may safely hold, a reduction may be necessary.
8.3 When an ARTCC is holding the optimum number of aircraft, the adjacent ARTCCs will be issued quotas concerning aircraft which can be cleared into the impacted ARTCC’s airspace. When the adjacent center’s demand exceeds the quota, aircraft will be held in the adjacent ARTCC’s airspace until they can be permitted to proceed.
8.4 The size of the hourly quota will be based initially on the projected acceptance rate and thereafter on the actual landing and diversion totals. Once quotas have been imposed, departures in the arrival and adjacent ARTCC’s area to the affected airport may be assigned ground delay, if necessary, to limit airborne holding to ATC capacity. However, when a forecast of improved acceptance rate appears reliable, in the opinion of the arrival ARTCC, additional above.quota flights may be approved based on the expectation that by the time these additional above.quota flights become an operation-al factor in the affected area, the system will be able to absorb them without undue difficulty.
8.5 Long distance flights, which originate beyond the adjacent ARTCC area, will normally be permitted to proceed to a point just short of the arrival ARTCC boundary where a delay, at least equal to the delays (ground/airborne) being encountered, will be as-signed.
　
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