美国航行情报汇编 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION AIP 1(175)

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BC – Patches  BL – Blowing  DR – Drifting  FZ – Freezing
MI – Shallow  PR – Partial  SH – Showers  TS – Thunderstorm 
Weather Phenomena Precipitation
DZ – Drizzle  GR – Hail  GS – Small Hail/Snow Pellets
IC – Ice Crystals  PL – Ice Pellets  RA – Rain  SG – Snow Grains 
SN – Snow  UP – Unknown Precipitation in automated observations 
Obscuration 
BR – Mist (≥5/8SM)  DU – Widespread Dust  FG – Fog (<5/8SM)  FU – Smoke 
HZ – Haze  PY – Spray  SA – Sand  VA – Volcanic Ash 
Other 
DS – Dust Storm  FC – Funnel Cloud  +FC – Tornado or Waterspout
PO – Well developed dust or sand whirls  SQ – Squall  SS – Sandstorm 
- Explanations in parentheses “()” indicate different worldwide practices. - Ceiling is not specified; defined as the lowest broken or overcast layer, or the vertical visibility.- NWS TAFs exclude BECMG groups and temperature forecasts, NWS TAFS do not use PROB in the first 9 hours of a TAF; NWS METARs exclude trend forecasts. US Military TAFs include Turbulence and Icing groups. 

31. Meteorological Broadcasts (ATIS, VHF and LF)
31.1 Continuous Transcribed Weather Broad-casts (TWEB)
31.1.1 Weather broadcasts are made continuously over selected navigational aids. These broadcasts contain the general weather forecasts and winds up to 12,000 feet within a 250.mile radius of the radio. In some cases the forecasts are for route of flight rather than the general area. They also broadcast pilot reports, radar reports, and hourly weather reports of selected locations within a 400.mile radius of the broadcast station.
31.2 Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) Broadcasts
31.2.1 These broadcasts are made continuously and include as weather information only the ceiling, visibility, wind, and altimeter setting of the aerodrome at which they are located.
31.3 Scheduled Weather Broadcasts (SWB)
31.3.1 Scheduled broadcasts are made only in Alaska at 15 minutes past the hour over en route navigational aids not used for TWEB or ATIS. These broadcasts contain hourly weather reports of selected locations within 150 miles of the station and weather advisories, pilot weather reports, radar weather reports, and Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs).
31.4 Navigational Aids Providing Broadcast Services
31.4.1 A compilation of navigational aids over which weather broadcasts are transmitted is not available for this publication. Complete information concerning all navigational aids providing this service is contained in the Airport/Facility directory. Similar information for the Pacific and Alaskan areas is contained in the Pacific and Alaska Supplements.
31.5 Hazardous Inflight Weather Advisory Ser-vice (HIWAS)
31.5.1 A 24.hour continuous broadcast of hazard-ous inflight weather is available on selected navigational outlets. Broadcasts include: severe weather forecast alerts (AWW), airman’s meteoro-logical information (AIRMET.text [WA] or graphical [G.AIRMET] product), significant meteo-rological information (SIGMET), Convective SIG-MET (WST), urgent pilot weather reports (UUA), hazardous portions of the domestic area forecasts (FA), and center weather advisories (CWA). HIWAS broadcast outlets are identified on en route/sectional charts and in airport facility directories. For further details, contact your nearest FSS.

TBL GEN 3.5.12
Meteorological Broadcasts (VOLMET) 
Name  Call Sign  Frequency  Broadcast  Form  Contents  Emission  Remarks 
Honolulu  Honolulu Radio  2863, 6679, 8828, 13282 kHz  H00.05 and H30.35  Forecasts  PHNL Honolulu PHTO Hilo PGUM Guam  Voice  Plain language English 
SIGMET  Oakland FIR 
Hourly Reports  PHNL Honolulu PHTO Hilo PHOG Kahului PGUM Guam 
E05.10 and E35.40  Hourly Reports  KSFO San Francisco KSEA Seattle KLAX Los Angeles KPDX Portland KSMF Sacramento KONT Ontario KLAS Las Vegas 
SIGMET  Oakland FIR 
Aerodrome Forecasts  KSFO San Francisco KSEA Seattle KLAX Los Angeles 
E25.30 and E55.00  Hourly Reports  PANC Anchorage PAED ElmendorfAFB PAFA Fairbanks PACD Cold Bay PAKN King Salmon CYVR Vancouver 
SIGMET  Oakland FIR 
Forecasts  PANC Anchorage PAFA Fairbanks PACD Cold Bay CYVR Vancouver 
New York  New York Radio  3485, 6604, 10051, 13270 kHz  H00.05  Aerodrome Forecasts  KDTW Detroit KCLE Cleveland KCVG Cincinnati  Voice  Plain language English 
Hourly Reports  KDTW Detroit KCLE Cleveland KCVG Cincinnati KIND Indianapolis KPIT Pittsburgh 
　
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