美国航行情报汇编 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION AIP 1(44)

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Cruising level  The term “cruising altitude” is used in lieu of “cruising level” in U.S. ATC phraseology. 
Decision height  Although not identical, the U.S. definition of decision height is not substantially different. 
General aviation operation  General aviation is defined as all civil aviation operations other than scheduled air transportation and nonscheduled air transport operations for remuneration or hire. The classification of general aviation flying by powered aircraft is, as follows: Instructional flying. Use of an aircraft for purposes of flight instruction with an instructor. The flights may be performed by aero.clubs, flying schools, fixed.base operators, or commercial operators. Business flying. Use of an aircraft to carry personnel and/or property to meet the transport needs of officials of a business, firm, company, or corporation. These flights may be performed by a commercial pilot or by a private pilot. Pleasure flying. Use of an aircraft for personal or recreational purpose not associated with a business or profession. Aerial work. Use of an aircraft for activities such as: (1) crop dusting, chemical or fertilizer spraying, seed dissemination, prevention of frost formation, insect fighting, animal herding, or (2) aerial photography, patrol and surveillance, prospecting, construction, advertising, medical relief, and rescue work. Other flying. All flights by pilots for maintaining their flight proficiency should also be included under this heading as well as all general aviation flights that cannot be included in the above four categories. 

Instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) Visual meteorological conditions (VMC)  The U.S. difference, as stated in the Supplement to Annex 2, 5th Edition, dated February 1967 as amended by Amendment 1 is as follows: It will be impracticable to implement the terms ‘‘instrument meteorological conditions’’ and ‘‘visual meteorological conditions,’’ abbreviated as ‘‘IMC’’ and ‘‘VMC’’ as they appear in Chapter 1, Definitions, and within the other paragraphs of the Annex where they appear. Use of the terms ‘‘IFR conditions’’ and ‘‘VFR conditions’’ rather than ‘‘instrument meteorological conditions’’ and ‘‘visual meteorological conditions’’ will have no effect with respect to the safety of air navigation. The terms ‘‘IFR conditions’’ and ‘‘VFR conditions’’ have been in effect in the U.S. for many years and are well known to all pilots and providers of the various aeronautical services. Therefore, a change from the present phraseology to the new phraseology would, in so far as the U.S. is concerned, impose a change which is not justified from the standpoint of improvement of the overall aviation procedures and practices. U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations specify the use of the phrases ‘‘IFR conditions’’ and ‘‘VFR conditions.’’ 
Maximum mass  The U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations state ‘‘weight’’ rather than “mass.” 
Obstacle clearance limit (OCL)  This term is not used in the U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations. 
Pressure altitude  Although not identical, the U.S. definition of pressure altitude is not substantially different. 
Synthetic flight trainer: flight simulator, flight procedures trainer, basic instrument flight trainer  The U.S. does not have a regulatory definition of these terms; however, the terms are in common usage in the U.S. and have a meaning that is similar to the ICAO definition. 
Chapter 4  Flight Operations 
4.3.1 d)  The U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations state “weight” rather than “mass.” 
4.3.7.2  When refueling with passengers embarking, on board, or disembarking an airplane, two.way communication is not required between the ground crew supervising the refueling and the qualified personnel on board the airplane. The U.S. refueling safety procedures which meet the intent of this Standard are contained in each operator’s approved operating manual. 
4.3.8.2  U.S. regulations require descent within 4 minutes to 14,000 feet rather than 13,000 feet (620 hPa). 
4.4.4.4  U.S. regulations require all occupants of seats equipped with combined safety belts and shoulder harnesses to be properly secured during take.offs and landings and still be able to properly perform their assigned duties. 
4.4.9.2  The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) develops standard flight operational noise abatement procedures for each airplane type. Alternative flight operational noise procedures are also developed by the FAA for certain airports that have unique noise situations. 
　
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