曝光台 注意防骗
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dehydration, loss of blood sugar and
toxins caused by metabolisation.
Although it appears otherwise,
alcohol is not a stimulant, but an
anaesthetic, which puts to sleep
those parts of the brain that deal
with inhibitions - the problem is that
these areas also cover judgement,
comprehension and attention to
detail. In fact, the effects of alcohol
are the same as hypoxia, dealt with
elsewhere, in that it prevents brain
cells from using available oxygen.
One significant effect of hypoxia in
this context is the resulting inability
to tell that something is wrong.
It takes the liver about 1 hour to
eliminate 1 unit of alcohol from the
blood (officially, alcohol leaves the
body at a rate of 15 milligrams per
100 ml of blood per hour). 1 unit is
considered to be the same as 1
measure of spirit, a glass of wine or
half a pint of beer. The number of
units per week beyond which
physical damage is likely is 21 for
men and 14 for women.
As far as passengers are concerned,
although they get cabin service,
persons under the affluence of
incohol or drugs, of unsound mind
or having the potential to cause
trouble should not be allowed on
board—certainly, no person should
be drunk on any aircraft (people
aren’t generally aware that one drink
at 6000 feet is the same as two at sea
level). This is not being a
spoilsport—drunks don't react
properly in emergencies and could
actually be dangerous to other
people (which is why I always get an
aisle seat – I don’t have to get round
people in the way). Therefore, it's
not just for their own good, but that
of others as well. If you need to get
rid of obstreperous passengers (long
word number 1), you can always
quote the regulations at them (or
even use sarcasm), but don't forget
to fill in an Occurrence Report.
Medications
Although the symptoms of colds
and sore throats, etc. are bad enough
on the ground, they may actually
become dangerous in flight by either
distracting or harming you by getting
more serious with height (such as
bursting your eardrums, or worse). If
you're under treatment for anything,
including surgery, not only should
you not fly, but you should also
check there will be no adverse
effects on your physical or mental
ability, as many preparations
combine chemicals, and the mixture
could make quite a cocktail. No
drugs or alcohol should be taken
within a few hours of each other, as
even fairly widely accepted stuff
such as aspirin can have
unpredictable effects, especially in
relation to Hypoxia (it's as well to
keep away from the office, too—
nobody else will want what you've
got). Particular ones to avoid are
antibiotics (penicillin, tetracyclines),
tranquilisers, antidepressants,
sedatives, stimulants (caffeine,
amphetamines), anti-histamines and
anything for relieving high blood
pressure, and, of course, anything
not actually prescribed. Naturally,
you've got to be certifiable if you fly
having used marijuana, or worse.
260 Canadian Private Pilot Studies
Blood Donations
Pilots generally are discouraged from
giving blood (or plasma) when
actively flying, and some dental
anaesthetics can cause problems for
up to 24 hours or more, as can
anything to do with immunisation. If
you do give blood, try to leave a gap
of 24 hours, including bone marrow
donations. Although blood volume
is restored in a very short time, and
for most donors there are no
noticeable after-effects, there is still a
slight risk of faintness or loss of
consciousness. After a general
anaesthetic, check with the doctor.
Food poisoning can also be a
problem, and not just for
passengers—the standard precaution
(like in Airplane!) is to select different
items from the rest of the crew, even
in the hotel.
Don't forget to inform the
authorities (in writing) of illnesses,
personal injuries or presumed
pregnancies that incapacitate you for
more than 20 days (you can fly up to
the 30th week of pregnancy in
Canada, if your doctor agrees, but
wait for 4-6 weeks afterwards before
flying again). Pilots involved in
accidents should be medically
examined before flying again.
Radiation
At high altitudes, the main source is
energetic particles from outside the
solar system. Excessive exposure to
it may lead to cancer.
Exercise
Physical exercise strengthens the
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