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higher and sooner than normal – any
fore and aft movement on landing
may cause rocking. Level off higher,
as well.
You need to protect your thumbs
throughout the whole process, as
undoing a seat belt is a lot more
difficult without them. Another tip is
to reduce the length of your neck by
hunching your head into your
shoulders, like a turtle. Be
particularly aware that anything
happening to the blades will be
transmitted through the controls,
and may well be painful, or worse, if
you get the cyclic in your stomach.
At some stage you will be able to do
nothing further with the controls, so
be prepared to take place your limbs
so that they do not flail about.
Keep the knees together, and
prepare to use the hand near the exit
to get out with, and the other to
release the seat belt, but not until the
machine is completely under water
and has preferably stopped moving.
This is to ensure you keep the same
relative position to the chosen exit.
174 Canadian Private Pilot Studies
It will also provide extra leverage if
you have to push against anything.
Once on the water, hold the
machine upright and level using all
the cyclic control there is, and use
the rotor brake (if you've got one).
Then let the aircraft sink. Rolling to
ensure that the advancing blade is aft
of the fuselage is one consideration,
but this will increase the chances of
disorientation, although it does
ensure that the engine or
transmission moves away from the
cabin if it breaks free, due to
gyroscopic precession. The way out
of a submerged cabin is to place a
hand on an open window or door,
and follow your hand out, so you
have a better idea of which way is
up. Otherwise, instruct passengers
not to leave until everything has
quietened down. When you do, take
the flotation and survival gear, but
keep everyone together (remember
that even seat cushions float). Attach
the raft to the aircraft until you need
to inflate it, as it will sail away
downwind quite easily.
Splash, use flares or mirrors to
attract attention, but let the rescuers
come to you. Don't leave the
security of the raft or aircraft unless
you're actually being rescued as the
downwash or wind will blow them
away from you.
Keep moving—don't attempt to
swim unless land is less than a mile
or so away, but DON’T DRINK
SEAWATER – it absorbs liquid and
body fluids are used to try and get
rid of it, so it gets you twice. Cold
makes you give up, so try and keep a
positive mental attitude. Except in
mid-ocean, SAR will be operational
very soon after the distress call, so
switch on the SARBE or ELT as
soon as convenient, which will also
assist a SAR satellite to get a fix on
you. Try not to point the aerial
directly at rescue aircraft as this may
put them in a null zone.
Don't worry if the rescue helicopter
disappears for ten minutes after
finding you. It will be making an
automatic letdown to your exact
position after locating your overhead
at height. This is where the
temptation to use speech is very
strong, but should be resisted
because this is when the homing
signal from the ELT/SARBE is
most needed. Speech should only be
used as a last resort as, not only will
it wear your batteries down, but also
take priority over the homing signal
used to fix your position. If you feel
the need to do something, fire off a
few mini-flares instead. Or scream.
Finally, once in the winch strop,
don't grasp the hook, because of the
possibility of shocks from static
electricity.
Equipment
This needs to be for aviation use.
Rafts
Aviation liferafts are designed to
vent to atmosphere in case of a
problem, rather than into the liferaft
itself, as is the case with marine ones
(they could inflate in the cabin).
As it will float before it's fully
inflated, tie it to the airframe (unless
it's actually sinking), or a person,
before inflating (in fact, it should be
tied to at least one person as much
as possible). Do this downwind, so it
doesn't get damaged against the
aircraft. To turn it upright in the
Flight Operations 175
water, get downwind, and place the
cylinder, which is heavy, towards
you. This weight, plus the wind, will
help it to flip over. Once inside the
raft, protect yourself as much as
possible with the canopy, and get the
sea anchor out. Buoyancy chambers
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