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5) the turn extent; the bank angle; and the turn end time;
6) a decision for each aircraft whether or not its speed changes; and
7) the magnitude of the speed change.
Note.- It is possible for the selecrions made for the various characteristics of an encounter to be irreconcilable. When
this occurs, the problem can be resolved by discarding either the selection for a particular characteristic or the whole
encountel; as most appropriate.
4.4.2.6.1.3 m o models shall be used for the statistical distribution of hmd (4.4.2.6.4.1). For calculations of the effect
of ACAS on the risk of collision (4.4.3), hmd shall be constrained to be less than 500 ft. For calculations of the
compatibility of ACAS with ATM (4.4.4), hrnd shall be selected from a larger range of values (4.4.2.6.4.1.2).
NOW.- 4.4.2.6.2 and 4.4.2.6.3 specify vertical characteristics for the aircraft trajectories in the standard encounter
model that depend on whether the hmd is constrained to he smnll ("for cnlculuting risk ratio") or can take larger values
("or ATM compatibility"). Otherwise, the characteristics of the encounters in the vertical and horizontal planes ure
independent.
4.4.2.6.2 ENCOUNTER CUSSES AND WEIGHTS
4.4.2.6.2.1 Aircraft address. Each aircraft shall be equally likely to have the higher aircraft address.
4A.2.6.2.2 Altitude layers. The relative weights of thc altitudc laycrs shall bc as follows:
Layer I 2 3 4 5 6
4.4.2.6.2.3 Encounter classes
4.4.2.6.2.3.1 The encounters shall be classified according to whether the aircraft are levcl (L) or transitioning (T) at
the beginning (before tca) and end (after tca) of the encounter window and whether or not the encounter is crossing, as
follows:
Class
Aircraft No. I
before tca after tca
L L
L L
L L
T T
L T
T T
L T
L T
T L
L L
L L
L L
L L
T T
Aircraft No. 2
before tca after tca
T T
L T
T L
T T
T T
T I,
L T
T L
T L
L L
T T
L T
T L
T T
Crossing
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
no
no
nn
no
no
Chapter 4 Annex 10 - Aeronautical TelecommunicaCions
Class Crossing
Aircrafr No. I
before tca after tca
L T
T T
L T
L T
T L
4.4.2.6.2.3.2 The relative weights of the encounter classes shall depend on layer as follows:
Aircraft No. 2
before tca after tca
T T
T L
L T
T L
T L
Class
for calculating risk ratio
Layers 1-3 Layers 4-6
0.00502 0.003 19
0.00030 0.0001 8
0.00049 0.00009
0.00355 0.00270
0.00059 0.00022
0.00074 0.0001 8
0.00002 0.00003
0.00006 0.00003
0.00006 0.00003
0.36846 0.10693
0.26939 0.41 990
0.06476 0.02217
0.07 127 0.22038
0.13219 0.08476
0.02750 0.02869
0.03578 0.06781
0.00296 0.00098
0.00503 0.00522
0.01 183 0.03651
for ATM compatibility
hyers 1-3 Layers 4-6
4.4.2.6.2.4 vmd bins
4.4.2.6.2.4.1 The vmd of each encounter shall be taken from one of ten vmd bins for the non-crossing encounter
classes, and from one of nine or ten vmd bins for the crossing encounter classes. Each vmd bin shall have an extent of
100 ft for calculating risk ratio, or an extent of 200 ft for calculating compatibility with ATM. The maximum vmd shall
be 1 000 ft for calculating risk ratio, and 2 000 ft otherwise.
4.4.2.6.2.4.2 For non-crossing encounter classes, the relative weights of the vmd bins shall be as follows:
vrnd bin
for calculating
risk ratio
for ATM
compatibility
Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume ZV
Note.- The weights for the vrnd bins do not sum to 1.0. The weights specij5ed are based on an analysis of encounters
captured in ATC ground radar data. The missing proportion reflects the fact that the encounters captured included some
with vmd exceeding the maximum vrnd in the model.
4.4.2.6.2.4.3 For the crossing classes, the relative weights of the vmd bins shall be as follows:
vrnd bin
for calculating
risk ratio
for ATM
compatibility
Note.- For the crossing classes, vrnd must exceed IOOft so that the encounter qualifies as a crossing encountel:
Thus, for the calculation of risk ratio there is no vrnd bin I, and for calculations of the compatibility with ATM vmd
bin 1 is limited to 11 00 ft, 200 fi].
4.4.2.6.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AIRCRAFT TRAJECTORIES IN THE VERTICAL PLANE
4.4.2.6.3.1 vmd. The vrnd for each encounter shall be selected randomly from a distribution that is uniform in the
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