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3.4.3.2 If a Mode S reply is received during a Mode C
listening period, a ,string of false Mode C fruit replies may be
generated. The ACAS equipment is expected to reject these
false replies.
3.4.4 ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION
3.4.4.1 ACAS avionics intended for use in airspace
characterized by closing speeds greater than 260 m/s (500 kt)
and densities greater than 0.009 aircraft per kmz (0.03 aircraft
per NM2) or closing speeds less than 260 m/s (500 kt) and
densities greater than 0.04 aircraft per km2 (0.14 aircraft per
NM~r)e quires a capability for Mode S reply error correction.
In these high densities, error correction is necessary to
overcome the effects of Mode A/C fruit. Mode S error
correction permits successful reception of a Mode S reply in
the presence of one overlapping Mode A/C reply.
3.4.4.2 Error corrcction &coding is to bc uscd for thc
following replies: DF = 11 all-call replies, DF = 0 short air-air
surveillance replies, and DF = 16 long air-air surveillance
replies (both acquisition and non-acquisition). In addition,
passive monitoring of DF = 4 short surveillance altitude replies
requires error correction decoding.
3.4.4.3 If two, or more acquisition replies requiring error
correction are received within the Mode S range acquisition
window, it may be impractical to apply error correction to
more than the first received reply. Acquisition replies other
than the first do not need to be corrected when this occurs.
3.4.5 RECE~VESRID E-LOBE SUPPRESSION
ACAS equipment that interrogates directionally may use
receiver side-lobe suppression techniques to eliminate replies
(fruit) generated by nearby aircraft that are outside the
interrogated sector. This reduces the number of replies
processed during the surveillance update period.
3.4.6 DUAL MINIMUM
TRIGGERING LEVELS
If the h4TL of the receiver used by ACAS is lowered to obtain
longer range operation with extended squitter, provision must
be made to label squitter receptions that were received at the
MTL. that would have been used by an unmodified ACAS
receiver. Squitter receptions that are received at the
conventional MTL or higher are fed to the ACAS surveillance
function. Squitter receptions that are received below the
cuilvrillirsilal MTL iue ~lowl ed for ACAS SUI veillarlce bul art:
routed directly to the extended squitter application. This
filtering by MTL is necessary to prevent ACAS from
attempting to interrogate aircraft that are beyond the range of
its active surveillance capability. This would increase the
ACAS interrogation rate without providing any improved
surveillance performance. Use of the conventional MTL for
the ACAS surveillance function preserves the current
operation of ACAS surveillance when operating with a
receiver with an improved MTL.
3.5 Collisiorl avoidance algorithms
Note.- The ginihnr~ rnnterinl on the rnllision nvoihnrp
logic of ACAS II is organized in mu sections. This section
addresses the Standards in the ACAS SARPs and elaborates on
COVER SHEET TO AMENDMENT 79
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
AND RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
AERONAUTICAL
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
ANNEX 10
TO THE COWENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVlATION
VOLUME IV
(SURVEILLANCE RADAR AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS)
THIRD EDITION OF VOLUME N - JULY 2002
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION
Checklist of Amendments to Annex 10, Volume N
Date of
Eflective date applicabili&
Third Edition
(incorporates Amendments 1 to 77)
Amendment 7 8
(did not affect Volume N)
15 July 2002 28 November 2002
Amendment 79
(did not affect Volume N) - -
Transmittal note
Amendment 79
to the
International Standards
and Recommended Practices
AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS
(Annex 10, Volume IV, to the Convention
on International Civil Aviation)
1. Replace page (vii) of Annex 10, Volume IV (Third Edition) with the attached page, updated to
indicate the issuance of Amendment 79 which becomes applicable on 25 November 2004.
2. Record the entry of this amendment on page (ii).
Foreword Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications
Table A. Amendments to Annex 10, Volume IV
Amendment source(.^)
Adopted/approved
EfJective
Applicable
70 Air Navigation Commission; Creation of Volume IV and introduction of Standards and
Fifth meeting of the Secondary Recommended Practices and related guidance material for the
Surveillance Radar Improve- airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS).
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