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Pulse decay time. The lime between O.9A and O.1A on the trailing edge of the pulse envelope.
Pcclse duration. The time interval between 0.54 points on leading and trailing edges of the pulse envelope.
Pulse interval. The time interval between the 0.5A point on the leading edge of the first pulse and the 0.5A point
on the leading edge of the second pulse.
Pulse rise time. The time between O.1A and 0.9A on the leading edge nf the pulse ~nvelope.
Tin~ein tervals. The intervals arc referenced to:
a) the 0.5A point on the leading edge of a pulse;
b) the 0.5A point on the trailing edge of a pulse; or
C) the 90-degrcc point of a phasc reversal.
Traizsponder sansirivity and power reference point. The antenna cnd of the transmission line of thc transponder.
Note.- The 90-degree point of a phase reversul can be appronimated by the nziniinum amplitude point on the
aizvelope amplitude transient associated with the phase reversal and tlze phase ~xver-sal duration can be
approxinluted by the time between the O.SA points of the envelope amplitude transient.
C ,,,
1
. . . . . . . ., , , , > . ...............
Tim ............................ -. .k ! i4 ................ Phadsuer aretivoenr sal
Figure 3-1. Definitions of secondary surveillance radar waveform shapes,
intervals and the reference point for sensitivity and power
Chapter 3 Annex I0 - Aeronautical Telecornnlunicatio~ls
b) upon rcccipl of any single pulse which has no amplitude variations approximating a normal inlerrogalion condition.
3.1.1.7.3 Dead time. After recognition of a proper interrogation, h e transponder shall not reply to any other
interrogation, at lcasl for the duration of the reply pulsc train. This dead time shall end no later than 125 microseconds
after the lransmission of the last reply pulse of the group.
3.1.1.7.4 SUPPRESSION
Note.- This characterisric is used to prevent replies to interrogations received via the side lobes of the interrogator
nntennn, and to prevent Mode A/c trnnsponder.~fr nm replying to Mode S interrogntions.
3.1.1.7.4.1 The transponder shall be suppressed when the received amplitude of P2 is equal to, or in excess of,
the received amplitude of Pl and spaced 2.0 plus or minus 0.15 microseconds. The detection of P, is not required as a
prerequisite for initiation of suppression action.
3.1.1.7.4.2 The transponder suppression shall be for a period of 35 plus or minus 10 microseconds.
3.1.1.7.4.2.1 The suppression shall be capable of being reinitiated for the full duration within 2 microseconds after
the end of any suppression period.
3.1.1.7.5 RECEIVERS ENSITIVITY AND DYNAMIC RANGE
3.1.1.7.5.1 The minimum triggering level of the transponder shall be such that replies are generated to at least 90 per
cent of the interrogation signals when:
a) the two pulses P, and P, constituting an interrogation are of equal amplilude and P, is not detected; and
b) the amplitude of these signals is nominally 71 dB below 1 mW, with limits between 69 dB and 77 dB below 1 mW.
3.1.1.7.5.2 The reply and suppression characteristics shall apply over a received amplitude of P1 between minimum
triggering level and 50 dB above that level.
3.1.1.7.5.3 The variation of the minimum triggering level belween modes shall not exceed 1 dB for nominal pulse
spacings and pulse widths.
3.1.1.7.6 Pulse duration discrinzination. Signals of received amplitude between minimum triggering level and 6 dB
above this level, and of a duration lcss than 0.3 rnicrosccond, shall not cnusc thc trnnspondcr to initintc rcply or
suppression action. With the exception of single pulses with amplilude variations approximaling an interrogation, any
single pulse of a duration more than 1.5 microseconds shall not cause the transponder to initiate reply or suppression
action over the signal amplitude range of minimum triggering level (MTL) to 50 dB above thal level.
3.1.1.7.7 Echo suppression and recovery. The transponder shall contain an echo suppression facility designcd to
permit normal operation in the presence of echoes of signals-in-space. The provision of this facility shall be compahble
with the requirements for suppression of side lobes given in 3.1.1.7.4.1.
3.1.1.7.7.1 Desensiti~afionU. pon receipt of any pulse more than 0.7 microsecond in duration, the receiver shall be
desensitized by an amounl lhat is within at least 9 dB of the amplitude of the desensitizing pulse but shall at no time
exceed the amplitude of the desensitizing pulse, with the exception of possible overshoot during the first microsecond
following the desensitizing pulse.
Note.- Single pulses of duratzon less than 0.7 microsecond are not reqziired to cause rhe specified desensirijation nor
to cause deserzsitzzatzon of duration greater than permitted by 3.1.1.7.7.1 and 3.1.1.7.7.2.
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