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3.1.1.5.1 The radiated amplitude of P2 at the antenna of the transponder shall be:
a) equal lo or greater than the radiated amplitude of PI from the side-lobe transmissions of the antenna radiating
P,; and
b) at a level lower than 9 dB below the radiated amplitude of P I , within thc desired arc of interrogation.
3.1.1.5.2 Within the desired beam width of the directional interrogation (main lobe), the radiated amplitude of P3 shall
be within 1 dB of the radiated amplitude of P,.
3.1.1.6 REPLY TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS (SIGNALS-IN-SPACE)
3.1.1.6.1 Framing pulses. The rcply function shall employ a signal comprising two framing pulses spaced
20.3 microseconds as the most elementary code.
3.1.1.6.2 Information pulses. Information pulses shall bc spaced in increments of 1.45 microseconds from the firsr
framing pulsc. The designation and position of these information pulscs shall be as follows:
Position
Pulses (microseconds)
Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications
Note.- The Standard re1atin.g to the use of th,ese pulses is given in 2.1.4.1. However; the position of the "X" pulse is
specified only as a technical standard to safeguard possible future use.
3.1.1.6.3 Special position identification pulse (SPI). In addition to the information pulses provided, a special
position identification pulse shall be transmitted but only as a result of manual (pilot) selection. When transmitted, it
shall be spaced at an interval of 4.35 microseconds following the last framing pulse of Mode A replies only.
3.1.1.6.4 Reply pulse shape. All reply pulses shall have a pulse duration of 0.45 plus or minus 0.1 microsecond,
a pulse rise rime between 0.05 and 0.1 microsecond and a pulse decay time between 0.05 and 0.2 niicrosecond. Tht:
pulse amplitude variation of one pulse with respect to any other pulse in a reply train shall not exceed 1 dB.
Note.- The intent of the lower limit of rise and decay times (0.05 microsecond) is to reduce sideband rudhtion.
Equipment will meet this rr~quirement if the sideband radiation is not greater than that which, theoretically, would be
produced hy a trapezoidal wave having the stated rise and decay times.
3.1.1.6.5 Reply pulse position tolerances. The pulse spacing tolerance for each pulse (including the last framing pulse)
with respect to the first framing pulse of the reply group shall be plus or minus 0.10 microsecond. The pulsc interval
tolerance of the special position identification pulse with respect to the last framing pulse of the reply group shall be plus
or minus 0.10 microsecond. The pulse spacing tolerance of any pulse in the reply group with respect to any other pulse
(except the first framing pulse) shall not exceed plus or minus 0.15 microsecond.
3.1.1.6.6 Code nomencluture. The code designation shall consist of digits bctween 0 and 7 inclusivc, and shnll consist
of the sum of the subscripts of the pulse numbers given in 3.1.1.6.2 above, employed as follows:
Digit Pulse Gmup
First (most significant) A
Second B
Third C
Fourth D
3.1.1.7 ECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSPONDERS WITH
MODE A AND MODE C CAPABILITIES ONLY
3.1.1.7.1 Reply. The transponder shall reply (not less than 90 per cent triggering) when all of the following condilions
have been met:
a) the received amplitude of Pj is in excess of a level 1 dB below the received amplitude of PI but no greater than
3 dB above the received amplitude of PI:
b) either no pulse 1s received in the interval 1.3 microseconds to 2.7 microseconds after P I , or PI exceeds by more
than 9 dB any pulse received in this interval;
c) the received amplitude of a proper interrogation is more than 10 dB above thc received amplitude of random pulses
where the latter are not recognized by the transponder as PI, PZ or Pg.
3.1.1.7.2 The transponder shall not reply under thc following conditions:
a) to intermgalions when the interval belwecn pulses P, and P, differs from those specified in 3.1.1.4.3 by more lhan
plus or minus 1.0 microsecond;
Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume IV
-.
Pulse interval
- - - - - r-- -------- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- ---- -- --7 -- -- --- - ,,,,, - - - - - ---- ----- ;-[;;-A -9m <a, ------ -.'1"7- "" -------" ------
3 -%55:
dd +- ---L-l--- --------------- -L-----L- ----
7----L-L---
I I 7- --a ----- -I---
I
mme+ I I I
-k t k+! t A- + t X
Pulse Pulse Pulse
rise time decay time duration
Definitions
Phase reversal. A 180-degree change in the phase of the radio frequency carrier.
Phase reversal duran'on. The time between the 10-degree and 170-degree poiiits of a phase reversal.
Pulse ainplitude A. The peak voltage amplitude of the pulse envelope.
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